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[1] [2] [3] By contrast, discrete mathematics excludes topics in "continuous mathematics" such as real numbers, calculus or Euclidean geometry. Discrete objects can often be enumerated by integers ; more formally, discrete mathematics has been characterized as the branch of mathematics dealing with countable sets [ 4 ] (finite sets or sets with ...
A metric space (,) is said to be uniformly discrete if there exists a packing radius > such that, for any ,, one has either = or (,) >. [1] The topology underlying a metric space can be discrete, without the metric being uniformly discrete: for example the usual metric on the set {:}.
The problem of estimating the maximum of a discrete uniform distribution on the integer interval [,] from a sample of k observations is commonly known as the German tank problem, following the practical application of this maximum estimation problem, during World War II, by Allied forces seeking to estimate German tank production.
The content ranges from extremely difficult algebra and pre-calculus problems to problems in branches of mathematics not conventionally covered in secondary or high school and often not at university level either, such as projective and complex geometry, functional equations, combinatorics, and well-grounded number theory, of which extensive knowledge of theorems is required.