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Pigment color differs from structural color in that it is the same for all viewing angles, whereas structural color is the result of selective reflection or iridescence, usually because of multilayer structures. For example, butterfly wings typically contain structural color, although many butterflies have cells that contain pigment as well. [3]
The four pigments in a bird's cone cells (in this example, estrildid finches) extend the range of color vision into the ultraviolet. [1]Tetrachromacy (from Greek tetra, meaning "four" and chroma, meaning "color") is the condition of possessing four independent channels for conveying color information, or possessing four types of cone cell in the eye.
The pigments in photoreceptor proteins either change their conformation or undergo photoreduction when they absorb a photon. [3] This change in the conformation or redox state of the chromophore then affects the protein conformation or activity and triggers a signal transduction cascade. [3] Examples of photoreceptor pigments include: [4]
A photosynthetic pigment (accessory pigment; chloroplast pigment; antenna pigment) is a pigment that is present in chloroplasts or photosynthetic bacteria and captures the light energy necessary for photosynthesis. List of photosynthetic pigments (in order of increasing polarity): Carotene: an orange pigment; Xanthophyll: a yellow pigment
Fish and frog melanophores are cells that can change colour by dispersing or aggregating pigment-containing melanosomes. A melanosome is an organelle found in animal cells and is the site for synthesis, storage and transport of melanin , the most common light-absorbing pigment found in the animal kingdom .
Bilins, bilanes or bile pigments are biological pigments formed in many organisms as a metabolic product of certain porphyrins. Bilin (also called bilichrome) was named as a bile pigment of mammals, but can also be found in lower vertebrates, invertebrates, as well as red algae, green plants and cyanobacteria. Bilins can range in color from red ...
[4] White-bellied agouti A W mice have agouti coloration, with hairs that are black at the tips, then yellow, then black again, and white to tan bellies. [4] Agouti A looks like A W but the belly is dark like the back. [4] Black and tan a t causes a black back with a tan belly. A/a t heterozygotes look like A W mice. [4]
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