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Dimocarpus longan, commonly known as the longan (/ ˈ l ɒ ŋ ɑː n /) and dragon's eye, is a tropical tree species that produces edible fruit. [3] It is one of the better-known tropical members of the soapberry family Sapindaceae , to which the lychee and rambutan also belong. [ 3 ]
Dragonfruit stems are scandent (climbing habit), creeping, sprawling or clambering, and branch profusely. There can be four to seven of them, between 5 and 10 m (16 and 33 ft)or longer, with joints from 30 to 120 cm (12 to 47 in) or longer, and 10 to 12 cm (3.9 to 4.7 in) thick; with generally three ribs; margins are corneous (horn-like) with age, and undulate.
These fruits are commonly known in English as "dragon fruit", a name used since 1963, apparently resulting from the leather-like skin and prominent scaly spikes on the fruit exterior. [4] The fruit is often designated as "Vietnamese dragon fruit" as Vietnam is the lead exporter. [5] The fruit may also be known as a strawberry pear. [2] [6]
The fruits of a number of species of Selenicereus (particularly those formerly placed in Hylocereus) are eaten. Selenicereus undatus and Selenicereus triangularis are widely cultivated in the Americas, Europe and Asia for their fruits, known as pitayas or pitahayas in Spanish, and as dragon fruits in Asia.
Jack Fruit is the national fruit of Bangladesh and is widely cultivated in tropical regions of Bangladesh. Brazil: Cupuaçu: Theobroma grandiflorum [citation needed] Belgium: Apple: Malus domestica [citation needed] Bulgaria: Apple: Malus domestica [citation needed] Cambodia: Chicken egg banana (chek pong moan in Khmer) Musa aromatica [11]
Several species previously placed in the genus have large edible fruits, which are known as pitayas, pitahayas or dragonfruits. In 2017, a molecular phylogenetic study confirmed an earlier finding that the genus Hylocereus was nested within Selenicereus , so all the species of Hylocereus were transferred to Selenicereus .
The fruits are small about 3mm in diameter, +/-globular. Berry-like (drupe). Fruit appear to be greenish-orange and it becomes red when mature. Calyx persistent. Fruits are marked by glandular dots and streaks. Endocarp surface is hard which makes it difficult to cut. The fruit is not edible and have no apparent use.
Annona squamosa is a small, well-branched tree or shrub [7] from the family Annonaceae that bears edible fruits called sugar apples or sweetsops. [8] It tolerates a tropical lowland climate better than its relatives Annona reticulata and Annona cherimola [6] (whose fruits often share the same name) [3] helping make it the most widely cultivated of these species. [9]