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The Tenure of Office Act was a United States federal law, in force from 1867 to 1887, that was intended to restrict the power of the president to remove certain office-holders without the approval of the U.S. Senate. The law was enacted March 2, 1867, over the veto of President Andrew Johnson. It purported to deny the president the power to ...
[18] [20] [57] [75] The first article specifically alleged that Johnson's February 21, 1868, order to remove Stanton was made with intent to violate the Tenure of Office Act. The second and third articles argued that the appointment of Thomas as secretary of war ad interim was similarly done with intent to violate the Tenure of Office Act. The ...
While the Tenure of Office Act was repealed by Congress in 1887, subsequent opinion by the Supreme Court of the United States appear to support the position that Johnson was constitutionally entitled to fire Stanton without congressional approval. The Supreme Court's ruling on a similar piece of later legislation in Myers v.
The Tenure of Office Act of 1820, also known as the Four Years' Law, was passed on May 15, 1820 by the United States Congress, and purported to be "an Act to limit the term of office of certain officers therein named, and for other purposes". [1]
However, disregarding this vote, on February 21, 1868, President Johnson attempted to replace Stanton with Lorenzo Thomas in an apparent violation of the Tenure of Office Act. [29] [21] The Tenure of Office Act was officially titled "an act regulating the tenure of certain civil office", and was referred to by such name in the articles of ...
March 4, 1869: Andrew Johnson leaves the office of the presidency after his term expires. [3] 1887: The Tenure of Office Act is repealed. [77] 1926: The Myers v. United States decision by the Supreme Court of the United States majority opinion states in its dictum "that the Tenure of Office Act of 1867...was invalid" [77]
Stanton refused to leave his office, and on February 24, 1868, the House impeached the President for intentionally violating the Tenure of Office Act, by a vote of 128 to 47. The House subsequently adopted eleven articles of impeachment , for the most part alleging that he had violated the Tenure of Office Act, and had questioned the legitimacy ...
In March 1869, President Grant made it known he desired the Tenure of Office Act (1867) repealed, stating it was a "stride toward a revolution in our free system". The law prevented the president from removing executive officers without Senate approval.