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Technical lettering is the process of forming letters, numerals, and other characters in technical drawing. It is used to describe, or provide detailed specifications for, an object. With the goals of legibility and uniformity, styles are standardized and lettering ability has little relationship to normal writing ability.
In medieval English scribal abbreviations, a stroke or bar was used to indicate abbreviation. [2] For example, £ , the pound sign, is a stylised form of the letter Ꝉ (the letter L with a cross bar). [3] [a] For the specific usages of various letters with bars and strokes, see their individual articles.
The central stroke of an s is known as the spine. [6] When the stroke is part of a lowercase [4] and rises above the height of an x (the x height), it is known as an ascender. [7] Letters with ascenders are b d f h k l. A stroke which drops below the baseline is a descender. [7] Letters with descenders are g j p q y.
[citation needed] Other times it is a single stroke with a diagonal line connecting the bottom to the left side. This was a version of shorthand for ampersand, and the stroke economy of this version provided ease of writing for workers while also assuring the character was distinct from other numeric or alphabetic symbols.
In some cases, letters are used as "in-line diacritics", with the same function as ancillary glyphs, in that they modify the sound of the letter preceding them, as in the case of the "h" in the English pronunciation of "sh" and "th". [2] Such letter combinations are sometimes even collated as a single distinct letter.
Latin Capital Letter L with stroke: 0257 U+0142 ł 322 ł Latin Small Letter L with stroke 0258 U+0143 Ń 323 Ń Latin Capital Letter N with acute: 0259 U+0144 ń 324 ń Latin Small Letter N with acute 0260 U+0145 Ņ 325 Ņ Latin Capital Letter N with cedilla 0261 U+0146 ņ 326 ņ Latin Small Letter N with cedilla 0262
Adjacent letters form ligatures: when one letter ends in a long vertical stroke (i.e. d, e, h, i, m, n, o) and the next begins with a such a stroke (i.e. b, ẹ, l, ọ, r, u, w), the two lines are conflated into a single stroke, joining the letters.
The combination of an R-column kana letter with handakuten ゜- り゚ in hiragana, and リ゚ in katakana was introduced to represent [li] in the early 20th century. [according to whom?] The hiragana character may also be written as a single stroke. [1]