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Rubber, also called India rubber, latex, Amazonian rubber, caucho, or caoutchouc, [1] as initially produced, consists of polymers of the organic compound isoprene, with minor impurities of other organic compounds. Types of polyisoprene that are used as natural rubbers are classified as elastomers.
Allergies to latex are most common in healthcare workers, although there is a lack of awareness among nurses that frequent exposure to latex triggers latex allergy. [5] Natural rubber latex contains over 200 proteins, similar to other natural plant materials, of which 13 are known allergens.
Rubber Technology is the subject dealing with the transformation of rubbers or elastomers into useful products, such as automobile tires, rubber mats and, exercise rubber stretching bands. The materials includes latex , natural rubber , synthetic rubber and other polymeric materials, such as thermoplastic elastomers .
A rubber band is a single molecule, as is a latex glove. The sections of polyisoprene between two adjacent cross-links are called network chains and can contain up to several hundred isoprene units. In natural rubber, each cross-link produces a network node with four chains emanating from it.
Rubber tapping is the process by which latex is collected from a rubber tree. The latex is harvested by slicing a groove into the bark of the tree at a depth of one-quarter inch (6.4 mm) with a hooked knife and peeling back the bark. Trees must be approximately six years old and six inches (150 mm) in diameter in order to be tapped for latex.
Natural rubber, coming from latex of Hevea brasiliensis, is mainly poly-cis-isoprene. Synthetic rubber, like most other polymers, is made from various petroleum-based monomers. Some synthetic rubbers are less sensitive to ozone cracking than natural rubber. Natural rubber is sensitive because of the double bonds in its chain structure, but some ...
Neoprene is sold either as solid rubber or in latex form and is used in a wide variety of commercial applications, such as laptop sleeves, orthopaedic braces (wrist, knee, etc.), electrical insulation, medical gloves, liquid and sheet-applied elastomeric membranes or flashings, and automotive fan belts. [2]
There are several types and grades of rubber crepe, mainly distinguished by the grade and pre-processing of the latex used in their manufacture. [2] Pale latex crepe (PLC) is a premium grade, made from raw field latex. Estate brown crepe (EBC) is made from "cup lump" (raw, naturally coagulated rubber from the collection cup) and other coagula.