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An apple tree sprout is being converted to a branched, fruit-bearing spur by an arborist. Numbers show the sequence of cuts, which occurred during two years. Plants form new tissue in an area called the meristem, located near the tips of roots and shoots, where active cell division takes place.
Pruning is a horticultural, arboricultural, and silvicultural practice involving the selective removal of certain parts of a plant, such as branches, buds, or roots. The practice entails the targeted removal of diseased, damaged, dead, non-productive, structurally unsound, or otherwise unwanted plant material from crop and landscape plants.
Professional pruning shears often have replaceable blades. There are three different blade designs for pruning shears: anvil, bypass and parrot-beak. Anvil pruners have only one blade, which closes onto a flat surface; unlike bypass blades it can be sharpened from both sides and remains reliable when slightly blunt.
Plant domestication is seen as the birth of agriculture. However, it is arguably proceeded by a very long history of gardening wild plants. While the 12,000 year-old date is the commonly accepted timeline describing plant domestication, there is now evidence from the Ohalo II hunter-gatherer site showing earlier signs of disturbing the soil and cultivation of pre-domesticated crop species. [8]
A prune is a dried plum, most commonly from the European plum (Prunus domestica) tree. Not all plum species or varieties can be dried into prunes. [ 3 ] A prune is the firm-fleshed fruit (plum) of Prunus domestica varieties that have a high soluble solids content, and do not ferment during drying . [ 4 ]
Ilex (/ ˈ aɪ l ɛ k s /) or holly [3] is a genus of over 570 species of flowering plants in the family Aquifoliaceae, and the only living genus in that family. [4] Ilex has the most species of any woody dioecious angiosperm genus. [5] The species are evergreen or deciduous trees, shrubs, and climbers from tropics to temperate zones worldwide.
Holm oak grows in pure stands or mixed forest in the Mediterranean and often at low or moderate elevations, but also at higher altitudes in the Atlas Mountains.It is native from westernmost Turkey and through Greece west to parts of the Iberian Peninsula, where it mixes with Q. rotundifolia, along the northern Mediterranean coastal belt, and in the Atlas Mountains in Tunisia and Algeria.