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[16] [17] [18] An interlimb kinematic parameter that is commonly speed dependent is gait, the stepping pattern across legs. While some animals alternate between distinct gaits as a function of speed, [19] others move along a continuum of gaits. [20] Similarly, animals commonly modulate intralimb parameters across speed.
Ontogenetic niche shift (abbreviated ONS) [1] is an ecological phenomenon where an organism (usually an animal) changes its diet or habitat during its ontogeny (development). [2] During the ontogenetic niche shifting an ecological niche of an individual changes its breadth and position. [ 3 ]
In order to model the behavior of firing neural circuits, the following is calculated to generate a PRC curve and its trajectory. The period T 0 {\displaystyle T_{0}} is defined as the unperturbed period of an oscillator from the phase cycle defined as 0≤ ∅ ≤1 and the cycle that has undergone a perturbation is known as T 1 {\displaystyle ...
amoeboid movement, a crawling-like movement, which also makes swimming possible [17] [18] filopodia , enabling movement of the axonal growth cone [ 19 ] flagellar motility , a swimming-like motion (observed for example in spermatozoa , propelled by the regular beat of their flagellum , or the E. coli bacterium, which swims by rotating a helical ...
Durotaxis is the directional movement of a cell along a stiffness gradient. Electrotaxis (or galvanotaxis) is the directional movement of motile cells along the vector of an electric field . It has been suggested that by detecting and orienting themselves toward the electric fields, cells can move towards damages or wounds to repair them.
Undulatory locomotion is the type of motion characterized by wave-like movement patterns that act to propel an animal forward. Examples of this type of gait include crawling in snakes, or swimming in the lamprey. Although this is typically the type of gait utilized by limbless animals, some creatures with limbs, such as the salamander, forgo ...
Run-and-tumble motion is a movement pattern exhibited by certain bacteria and other microscopic agents. It consists of an alternating sequence of "runs" and "tumbles": during a run, the agent propels itself in a fixed (or slowly varying) direction, and during a tumble, it remains stationary while it reorients itself in preparation for the next run.
Evolutionary physiology is the study of the biological evolution of physiological structures and processes; that is, the manner in which the functional characteristics of organisms have responded to natural selection or sexual selection or changed by random genetic drift across multiple generations during the history of a population or species. [2]