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The NIST Dictionary of Algorithms and Data Structures [1] is a reference work maintained by the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology. It defines a large number of terms relating to algorithms and data structures. For algorithms and data structures not necessarily mentioned here, see list of algorithms and list of data structures.
I/O devices can be interpreted as streams, as they produce or consume potentially unlimited data over time. In object-oriented programming, input streams are generally implemented as iterators. In the Scheme language and some others, a stream is a lazily evaluated or delayed sequence of data elements. A stream can be used similarly to a list ...
For a more comprehensive listing of data structures, see List of data structures. The comparisons in this article are organized by abstract data type . As a single concrete data structure may be used to implement many abstract data types, some data structures may appear in multiple comparisons (for example, a hash map can be used to implement ...
This is a list of well-known data structures. For a wider list of terms, see list of terms relating to algorithms and data structures. For a comparison of running times for a subset of this list see comparison of data structures.
The opposite is sequential access, where a remote element takes longer time to access. [ 3 ] A typical illustration of this distinction is to compare an ancient scroll (sequential; all material prior to the data needed must be unrolled) and the book (direct: can be immediately flipped open to any arbitrary page ).
A comparable or lesser amount of storage is required for the rest of the entry, so the number of bits required to store the forest is Θ(n log n). If an implementation uses fixed size nodes (thereby limiting the maximum size of the forest that can be stored), then the necessary storage is linear in n .
A data structure is a particular way of organizing data in a computer so that it can be used efficiently. [13] [14] Different kinds of data structures are suited to different kinds of applications, and some are highly specialized to specific tasks.
In information security, computer science, and other fields, the principle of least privilege (PoLP), also known as the principle of minimal privilege (PoMP) or the principle of least authority (PoLA), requires that in a particular abstraction layer of a computing environment, every module (such as a process, a user, or a program, depending on the subject) must be able to access only the ...