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This condition is characterized as a synkinesis: when two or more muscles that are independently innervated have either simultaneous or coordinated movements. [1] [2] Common physiologic examples of synkineses occur during sucking, chewing, or conjugate eye movements. There are also several abnormal cranial nerve synkineses, both acquired and ...
Nance–Horan syndrome, also known as X-linked congenital cataracts and microcornea, X-linked cataract–dental syndrome, cataracts-oto-dental syndrome, cataract–dental syndrome, and mesiodens–cataract syndrome, is a rare X-linked syndrome characterized by eye and teeth abnormalities, intellectual disability, and facial deformities.
The symptoms of vestibulocerebellar syndrome vary among patients but are typically a unique combination of ocular abnormalities including nystagmus, poor or absent smooth pursuit (ability of the eyes to follow a moving object), strabismus (misalignment of the eyes), diplopia (double vision), oscillopsia (the sensation that stationary objects in the visual field are oscillating) and abnormal ...
Oculogyric crisis (OGC) is a rare sudden, paroxysmal, dystonic reaction that may manifest in response to specific drugs, particularly neuroleptics, or medical conditions, such as movement disorders. This neurological phenomenon is characterized by a sustained dystonic, conjugate , involuntary upward deviation of both eyes lasting seconds to hours.
Nystagmus as seen in a case of ocular albinism. The cause of pathological nystagmus may be congenital, idiopathic, or secondary to a pre-existing neurological disorder.It also may be induced temporarily by disorientation (such as on roller coaster rides or when a person has been spinning in circles) or by some drugs (alcohol, lidocaine, and other central nervous system depressants, inhalant ...
A change in the magnitude of the vestibulo-ocular reflex due to vestibular disease can also lead to oscillopsia during rapid head movements. [3] Oscillopsia may also be caused by involuntary eye movements such as nystagmus , or impaired coordination in the visual cortex (especially due to toxins ) and is one of the symptoms of superior canal ...
In children, tongue thrusting is common due to immature oral behavior, narrow dental arch, prolonged upper respiratory tract infections, spaces between the teeth (diastema), muscle weakness, malocclusion, abnormal sucking habits, and open mouth posture due to structural abnormalities of genetic origin.
Babies suffering from PTU may exhibit normal or slightly jerky side-to-side eye movement, nausea, irritability, frequent sleep, developmental and language delays, vertigo and loss of muscle tone. [citation needed] The condition is generally regarded as having a benign outcome, in the sense that it improves, rather than worsens over time.