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The Codex Mendoza is an Aztec codex, believed to have been created around the year 1541. [1] It contains a history of both the Aztec rulers and their conquests as well as a description of the daily life of pre-conquest Aztec society .
Codex Ixtlilxochitl, an early 17th-century codex fragment detailing, among other subjects, a calendar of the annual festivals and rituals celebrated by the Aztec teocalli during the Mexican year. Each of the 18 months is represented by a god or historical character.
A Mixtec painter was identified by Batalla Rosado from 1 of the styles by recognizing the sign for hill used by this scribe is from the Mixtec script rather than the Aztec script. [2] Batalla Rosado argues that 1 of the scribes from the Matrícula is the same painter charged with creating the Codex Mendoza possibly named Francisco Gualpuyogualcal.
During the 19th century, the word 'codex' became popular to designate any pictorial manuscript in the Mesoamerican tradition. In reality, pre-Columbian manuscripts are, strictly speaking, not codices, since the strict librarian usage of the word denotes manuscript books made of vellum, papyrus and other materials besides paper, that have been sewn on one side. [1]
The Aztec or Nahuatl script is a pre-Columbian writing system that combines ideographic writing with Nahuatl specific phonetic logograms and syllabic signs [1] which was used in central Mexico by the Nahua people in the Epiclassic and Post-classic periods. [2]
Codex Mendoza (around 1541) is a mixed pictorial, alphabetic Spanish manuscript. [18] The Florentine Codex , compiled 1545–1590 by Franciscan friar Bernardino de Sahagún includes a history of the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire from the Mexica viewpoint, [ 19 ] with bilingual Nahuatl/Spanish alphabetic text and illustrations by native ...
Nahuatl glyph of a calmecac (codex Mendoza, recto of the folio 61).. The calmecac ([kaɬˈmekak], from calmecatl meaning "line/grouping of houses/buildings" and by extension a scholarly campus) was a school for the sons of Aztec nobility (pīpiltin [piːˈpiɬtin]) in the Late Postclassic period of Mesoamerican history, where they would receive rigorous training in history, calendars ...
According to the Codex Mendoza, during Tizoc's reign the āltepēmeh of Tonalimoquetzayan, Toxico, Ecatepec, Cillán, Tecaxic, Tolocan, Yancuitlan, Tlappan, Atezcahuacan, Mazatlán, Xochiyetla, Tamapachco, Ecatliquapechco and Miquetlan were conquered. Map showing the expansion of the Aztec empire showing the areas conquered by the Aztec rulers.