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D-dimer (or D dimer) is a dimer that is a fibrin degradation product (FDP), a small protein fragment present in the blood after a blood clot is degraded by fibrinolysis. It is so named because it contains two D fragments of the fibrin protein joined by a cross-link , hence forming a protein dimer .
Principles of D-dimer testing. Fibrin degradation products (FDPs), also known as fibrin split products, are components of the blood produced by clot degeneration. [1] Clotting, also called coagulation, at the wound site produces a mass of fibrin threads called a net that remains in place until the cut is healed. As a cut heals, the clotting ...
A D-dimer test can also be used to assist with excluding the diagnosis or to signal a need for further testing. [5] Diagnosis is most commonly confirmed by ultrasound of the suspected veins. [5] VTE becomes much more common with age. The condition is rare in children, but occurs in almost 1% of those ≥ age 85 annually. [3]
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The purpose of the rule is to select the best method of investigation (e.g. D-dimer testing, CT angiography) for ruling in or ruling out the diagnosis of PE, and to improve the interpretation and accuracy of subsequent testing, based on a Bayesian framework for the probability of the diagnosis.
The typical test temperature is 37 °C, but different temperatures can be selected, e.g. for patients with hypothermia. [ 7 ] In contrast to thrombelastography with its pendulum-like principle, the design of the TEM viscoelastic detection system (figure 1) makes it quite robust and insensitive against mechanical shocks or vibrations.
Reference ranges (reference intervals) for blood tests are sets of values used by a health professional to interpret a set of medical test results from blood samples. Reference ranges for blood tests are studied within the field of clinical chemistry (also known as "clinical biochemistry", "chemical pathology" or "pure blood chemistry"), the ...
The partial thromboplastin time (PTT), also known as the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT or APTT), is a blood test that characterizes coagulation of the blood.A historical name for this measure is the Kaolin-cephalin clotting time (KCCT), [1] reflecting kaolin and cephalin as materials historically used in the test.