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In ancient Egyptian religion, Apis or Hapis, [a] alternatively spelled Hapi-ankh, was a sacred bull or multiple sacred bulls [1] worshiped in the Memphis region, identified as the son of Hathor, a primary deity in the pantheon of ancient Egypt. Initially, he was assigned a significant role in her worship, being sacrificed and reborn.
The Serapeum of Saqqara was the ancient Egyptian burial place for sacred bulls of the Apis cult at Memphis.It was believed that the bulls were incarnations of the god Ptah, which would become immortal after death as Osiris-Apis, a name which evolved to Serapis (Σέραπις) in the Hellenistic period, and Userhapi (ⲟⲩⲥⲉⲣϩⲁⲡⲓ) in Coptic.
Especially patronised by Ptolemy VI who was born in the same year as this bull and was referred to as "twin of the living Apis upon their birth-brick." [5] Tahor: 164 BC: 21 July 143 BC: Pagereghor, Athribis: Ptolemy VIII's titulature closely associated him with this bull. [6] Gerege II: 18 February 142 BC: 8 September 119 BC: Temple of Ptah ...
The Serapeum of Saqqara is located north west of the Pyramid of Djoser at Saqqara, a necropolis near Memphis in Lower Egypt. It was a burial place of the Apis, sacred bulls that were incarnations of Ptah. It was believed that the bulls became immortal after death as Osiris-Apis, a name shortened to Serapis in the Hellenic period.
The Procession of the Bull Apis by Frederick Arthur Bridgman, oil on canvas, 1879. Cattle are prominent in some religions and mythologies. As such, numerous peoples throughout the world have at one point in time honored bulls as sacred. In the Sumerian religion, Marduk is the "bull of Utu". In Hinduism, Shiva's steed is Nandi, the Bull.
The building remained visible until the nineteenth century, when it was recycled to build a sugar factory. Only the remains of the pylon of Thutmose III are visible today. Two gates, one of them built by Antoninus Pius, have also been found. The Bucheum, the burial place of the sacred Buchis bulls of Hermonthis, is on the desert edge north of ...
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However, four different bull cults dedicated to Montu were known in earlier times in Upper Egypt, and it seems that the Buchis was the result of their syncretism. [3]: 95 Eventually, the Buchis bull was identified as a form of the Apis, and consequently became considered an incarnation of Osiris. It is uncertain when the Buchis cult disappeared.