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In the United States, the growing concern over BPA exposure in infants in recent years has led the manufacturers of plastic baby bottles to stop using BPA in their bottles. The FDA banned the use of BPA in baby bottles and sippy cups (July 2012) as well as the use of epoxy resins in infant formula packaging. [204]
Bisphenols A (BPA), F (BPF) and S (BPS) have been shown to be endocrine disruptors, potentially relating to adverse health effects. [3] [6] Due to its high production volumes, BPA has been characterised as a "pseudo-persistent" chemical, [7] leading to its spreading and potential accumulation in a variety of environmental matrices, even though it has a fairly short half-life.
BPA has been found to interact with a diverse range of hormone receptors, in both humans and animals. [78] It binds to both of the nuclear estrogen receptors (ERs), ERα and ERβ. BPA is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), or partial agonist of the ER, so it can serve as both an estrogen agonist and antagonist.
The same goes for vitamin B12 and ferritin (a form of iron) which women may not get enough of via food, particularly those following plant-based or vegetarian diets.
Formerly on Proposition 65 list Substance CAS Registry Number † Date removed Bisphenol A (BPA) 80-05-7 April 11, 2013 Allyl chloride: 107-05-1 October 29, 1999 Phenyl glycidyl ether: 122-60-1 April 4, 2014 α-Methyl styrene: 98-83-9 April 4, 2014 tert-Amyl methyl ether: 994-05-8 December 13, 2013 n-Butyl glycidyl ether: 2426-08-6 April 4, 2014
Another study calculated a daily intake for the more exposed group of infants in the range of 0.23-0.65 μg per kg bodyweight per day. [39] In Taiwan, nonylphenol concentrations in food ranged from 5.8 to 235.8 μg/kg. Seafood in particular was found to have a high concentration of nonylphenol. [40]
The Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) is an American federal agency operating in the Pacific Northwest. BPA was created by an act of Congress in 1937 to market electric power from the Bonneville Dam located on the Columbia River and to construct facilities necessary to transmit that power. Congress has since designated Bonneville to be the ...
The over-60s usually have different skincare concerns, such as drier and thinner skin, so it's important to choose products with ingredients that focus on those symptoms.