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Having achieved its objectives, CLEAR was officially closed down in 1989. Due to the campaign's significance, the Wellcome Library, one of the world's major resources for the study of medical history, [6] holds a collection of CLEAR's archives. [7] CLEAR is regarded as a textbook example of how to run and win an environmental campaign.
Executive orders are issued to help officers and agencies of the executive branch manage the operations within the federal government itself. [1] Presidential memoranda are closely related, and have the force of law on the Executive Branch, but are generally considered less prestigious. Presidential memoranda do not have an established process ...
Presidential Emergency Action Documents (PEADs) are draft classified executive orders, proclamations, and messages to Congress that are prepared for the President of the United States to exercise or expand powers in anticipation of a range of emergency hypothetical worst-case scenarios, so that they are ready to sign and put into effect the moment one of those scenarios comes to pass.
[4] [5] A presidential notice or a presidential sequestration order can also be issued. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] National security directives 1 operate like executive orders, but are only in the area of national security .
United States presidents issue presidential memoranda, which are similar to executive orders and have the force of law on the Executive Branch, but are generally considered less prestigious. Presidential memoranda do not have an established process for issuance or publication; unlike executive orders, they are not numbered. [1]
Executive orders are issued to help officers and agencies of the executive branch manage the operations within the federal government itself. [1] Presidential memoranda are closely related, and have the force of law on the Executive Branch, but are generally considered less prestigious. Presidential memoranda do not have an established process ...
For example, an appellate brief to the highest court in a jurisdiction calls for a formal style—this shows proper respect for the court and for the legal matter at issue. An interoffice legal memorandum to a supervisor can probably be less formal—though not colloquial—because it is an in-house decision-making tool, not a court document.
In law, a summary order is a determination made by a court without issuing a legal opinion. This disposition is also known as a nonopinion, summary opinion, affirmance without opinion, unpublished order, disposition without opinion, or abbreviated disposition. It is not to be confused with summary judgment, which means a decision without trial.