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Restoration by Charles R. Knight. Mesohippus had longer legs than its predecessor Eohippus and stood about 60 cm (6 hands) tall.This equid is the first fully tridactyl horse in the evolutionary record, with the third digit being longer and larger than its second and fourth digits; Mesohippus had not developed a hoof at this point, rather it still had pads as seen in Hyracotherium and Orohippus ...
Mesohippus was once believed to have anagenetically evolved into Miohippus by a gradual series of progressions, but new evidence has shown its evolution was cladogenetic: a Miohippus population split off from the main genus Mesohippus, coexisted with Mesohippus for around four million years, and then over time came to replace Mesohippus. [16]
The extra toe on the front feet soon disappeared with the Mesohippus, which lived 32 to 37 million years ago. [125] Over time, the extra side toes shrank in size until they vanished. All that remains of them in modern horses is a set of small vestigial bones on the leg below the knee, [126] known informally as splint bones. [127]
Equidae (commonly known as the horse family) is the taxonomic family of horses and related animals, including the extant horses, asses, and zebras, and many other species known only from fossils.
Equus (/ ˈ ɛ k w ə s, ˈ iː k w ə s /) [3] is a genus of mammals in the family Equidae, which includes horses, asses, and zebras.Within the Equidae, Equus is the only recognized extant genus, comprising seven living species.
This subfamily is more primitive than the living members of the family. The group first appeared with Mesohippus in North America during the middle Eocene and thrived until the late Miocene. The subfamily continued in Eurasia with the genus Sinohippus until the early Pliocene, when it finally became extinct.
Hyracotherium (/ ˌ h aɪ r ə k oʊ ˈ θ ɪər i ə m,-k ə-/ HY-rək-o-THEER-ee-əm; "hyrax-like beast") is an extinct genus of very small (about 60 cm in length) perissodactyl ungulates that was found in the London Clay formation.
The Lower Blue Basin section of the John Day Formation preserves the metatherian Herpetotherium, the nimravids Dinictis and Hoplophoneus, the amphicyonid Temnocyon, the canids Archaeocyon, Enhydrocyon and Phlaocyon, the equids Mesohippus and Miohippus, the rhinocerotid Diceratherium, the tayassuids Perchoerus and Thinohyus, the merycoidodont ...