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Two-thirds of an octopus's neurons are in the nerve cords of its arms. These are capable of complex reflex actions without input from the brain. [1]Cephalopod intelligence is a measure of the cognitive ability of the cephalopod class of molluscs.
The octopus Thaumoctopus mimicus is known to mimic a number of different venomous organisms it cohabitates with to deter predators. [46] While background matching, a cephalopod changes its appearance to resemble its surroundings, hiding from its predators or concealing itself from prey.
The octopus brain has folded lobes (a distinct characteristic of complexity) and visual and tactile memory centers. They have about 300 million neurons . [ 23 ] They have been known to open tank valves, disassemble expensive equipment, and generally wreak havoc in labs and aquaria. [ 23 ]
[10] Octopus eyes, too, look and work much like those of vertebrates; but there, Baer remarks, the similarities end. Cephalopods are "immensely foreign", with "a distributed sense of self" and a "lived reality" quite unlike human consciousness, a feature that, he notes, Godfrey-Smith calls "the most difficult aspect of octopus experience to ...
The common octopus (Octopus vulgaris) is a mollusk belonging to the class Cephalopoda. Octopus vulgaris is one of the most studied of all octopus species, and also one of the most intelligent. It ranges from the eastern Atlantic, extends from the Mediterranean Sea and the southern coast of England , to the southern coast of South Africa.
To understand the inner details of octopus lives, researchers dived for about a month at a reef off the coast of Eilat, Israel, and tracked 13 octopuses for a total of 120 hours using several cameras.
The Atlantic pygmy octopus (Octopus joubini), also known as the small-egg Caribbean pygmy octopus, is a small species of octopus in the order Octopoda.Fully grown, this cephalopod reaches a mantle length of 4.5 cm (1.8 inches) with arms up to 9 cm (3.5 inches) long. [2]
A two-month-old octopus tries to unscrew the lid of a jar to get hold of its content, a crab, at Denmark's Aquarium in Copenhagen in 2004. Credit - Jorgen Jessen—AFP/Getty Images