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A constant-recursive sequence is any sequence of integers, rational numbers, algebraic numbers, real numbers, or complex numbers,,,, … (written as () = as a shorthand) satisfying a formula of the form
In mathematics, a recurrence relation is an equation according to which the th term of a sequence of numbers is equal to some combination of the previous terms. Often, only previous terms of the sequence appear in the equation, for a parameter that is independent of ; this number is called the order of the relation.
In mathematics (including combinatorics, linear algebra, and dynamical systems), a linear recurrence with constant coefficients [1]: ch. 17 [2]: ch. 10 (also known as a linear recurrence relation or linear difference equation) sets equal to 0 a polynomial that is linear in the various iterates of a variable—that is, in the values of the elements of a sequence.
A recursive step — a set of rules that reduces all successive cases toward the base case. For example, the following is a recursive definition of a person's ancestor. One's ancestor is either: One's parent (base case), or; One's parent's ancestor (recursive step). The Fibonacci sequence is another classic example of recursion: Fib(0) = 0 as ...
The ordinary generating function of a sequence can be expressed as a rational function (the ratio of two finite-degree polynomials) if and only if the sequence is a linear recursive sequence with constant coefficients; this generalizes the examples above. Conversely, every sequence generated by a fraction of polynomials satisfies a linear ...
An infinite sequence of real numbers (in blue). This sequence is neither increasing, decreasing, convergent, nor Cauchy. It is, however, bounded. In mathematics, a sequence is an enumerated collection of objects in which repetitions are allowed and order matters. Like a set, it contains members (also called elements, or terms).
In mathematics, the Lucas sequences (,) and (,) are certain constant-recursive integer sequences that satisfy the recurrence relation = where and are fixed integers.Any sequence satisfying this recurrence relation can be represented as a linear combination of the Lucas sequences (,) and (,).
In mathematics, the Perrin numbers are a doubly infinite constant-recursive integer sequence with characteristic equation x 3 = x + 1. The Perrin numbers, named after the French engineer Raoul Perrin , bear the same relationship to the Padovan sequence as the Lucas numbers do to the Fibonacci sequence.