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Rubber bridge score sheet "The rubber" A rubber is a series of games. A game is won by the first team to score a 100 contract points. ... History of contract bridge ...
The history of contract bridge may be dated from the early 16th-century invention of trick-taking games such as whist.Bridge departed from whist with the creation of Biritch (or "Russian Whist") in the 19th century, and evolved through the late 19th and early 20th centuries to form the present game.
The modern game of contract bridge was the result of innovations to the scoring of auction bridge by Harold Stirling Vanderbilt and others. The most significant change was that only the tricks contracted for were scored below the line toward game or a slam bonus, a change that resulted in bidding becoming much more challenging and interesting.
Part-score accumulation and level bonus: The part-score treatment differs from that in duplicate bridge and is somewhat akin to that of rubber bridge. A part-score or -scores made previously may be combined with a part-score made in the current deal to complete a game of 100 or more contract points.
The first Laws of Duplicate Contract Bridge were published in 1928. [1] They were revised in 1933, 1935, 1943, 1949, 1963, 1975, 1987, 1997, 2007 and 2017. [2] The Laws are effective worldwide for all duplicate bridge tournaments sponsored by WBF, zonal, national and subordinate organizations (which includes most bridge clubs).
International match points (IMP) within the card game of contract bridge is a measurement for conversion of the absolute contract bridge scores. The total point difference between two scores is compared to a scale ranging from 1 to 24. [1] [2]
Where there is competitive bidding (i.e. both sides are bidding) the extra dimension of sacrificial bidding is added, and the theoretical optimum contract can be overtaken by the par contract. The par contract on a deal is that contract that results from optimal bidding by both sides and that neither side could improve by further bidding.
This is a list of bidding systems used in contract bridge. [1] [2] Systems listed have either had an historical impact on the development of bidding in the game or have been or are currently being used at the national or international levels of competition. Bidding systems are characterized as belonging to one of two broadly defined categories: