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Green tea is a type of tea made from the leaves and buds of the Camellia sinensis that have not undergone the withering and oxidation process that creates oolong teas and black teas. [1] Green tea originated in China in the late 1st millennium BC, and since then its production and manufacture has spread to other countries in East Asia.
[10] [11] Tea has one of the highest contents of flavonoids among common food and beverage products. [7] Catechins are the largest type of flavonoids in growing tea leaves. [6] According to a report released by USDA, in a 200-ml cup of tea, the mean total content of flavonoids is 266.68 mg for green tea, and 233.12 mg for black tea. [7]
Catechins are diverse among foods, [15] from peaches [17] to green tea and vinegar. [15] [18] Catechins are found in barley grain, where they are the main phenolic compound responsible for dough discoloration. [19] The taste associated with monomeric (+)-catechin or (−)-epicatechin is described as slightly astringent, but not bitter. [20]
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), also known as epigallocatechin-3-gallate, is the ester of epigallocatechin and gallic acid, and is a type of catechin. EGCG – the most abundant catechin in tea – is a polyphenol under basic research for its potential to affect human health and disease.
Polyphenon is a series of high grade green tea polyphenol extracts manufactured by the Mitsui Norin Co., Ltd. of Japan. [1] [2] The extracts are in part the result of a water based extraction method which begins with green tea leaves, and then involves successive steps which concentrate the catechins thought to be responsible for the health benefits of green tea.
Catechin gallates are gallic acid esters of the catechins; an example is epigallocatechin gallate, which is commonly the most abundant catechin in tea. Proanthocyanidins and thearubigins are oligomeric flavan-3-ols.