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Other symptoms include thickening of the bone structure and accumulation of bone tissue, which both contribute to impaired joint mobility. Ligaments and cartilage can become ossified. [2] Most patients with skeletal fluorosis show side effects from the high fluoride dose such as ruptures of the stomach lining and nausea. [3]
Consumption of fluoride at levels beyond those used in fluoridated water for a long period of time causes skeletal fluorosis. In some areas, particularly the Asian subcontinent, skeletal fluorosis is endemic. It is known to cause irritable-bowel symptoms and joint pain.
Fluorosis does not cause discolouration to the enamel directly, as upon eruption into the mouth, affected permanent teeth are not discoloured yet. In dental enamel, fluorosis causes subsurface porosity or hypomineralizations , which extend toward the dentinal-enamel junction as the condition progresses and the affected teeth become more ...
Besides dental fluorosis, experts say that fluoride exposure over many years above the U.S. recommended amount can cause skeletal fluorosis, a rare condition that causes weaker bones, stiffness ...
Officials lowered their recommendation for drinking water fluoride levels in 2015 to address a tooth condition called fluorosis, that can cause splotches on teeth and was becoming more common in U ...
This came after a doctor’s research on fluoride and fluorosis—the discoloration of tooth enamel from an excess of fluoride—and his hunch that safe levels might serve to prevent tooth decay.
Mild fluorosis: mostly on the upper right central incisor Severe fluorosis: mottled enamel of an individual from a region with high levels of naturally occurring fluoride Fluorosis may occur when there is chronic and excessive exposure to fluoride during the years of tooth development.
Symptoms such as fractured hips in the elderly or brittle and weak bones may be caused by fluorine deficiency in the body. [14] Fluoride stimulates bone formation and increases bone density; [15] however, bone with excess fluoride content has an abnormal structure resulting in increased fragility. Thus, fluoride therapy results in large ...