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Infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS), also known as surfactant deficiency disorder (SDD), [2] and previously called hyaline membrane disease (HMD), is a syndrome in premature infants caused by developmental insufficiency of pulmonary surfactant production and structural immaturity in the lungs.
There are two forms of respiratory distress syndrome: ARDS, which is acute (or adult) respiratory distress syndrome; Infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS), which is a complication of premature birth, also known as hyaline membrane disease (HMD) Also, respiratory distress can mean: Shortness of breath; Respiratory failure
Acute respiratory distress syndrome : a potentially life-threatening condition where the alveoli are damaged thereby letting fluid leak into the lungs which makes it difficult to exchange gases and oxygenate the blood. [3] It is the general practice of the medical community to use the Berlin criteria to diagnose ARDS.
Pathology manifestation in full-term infant resembles characteristics of newborn with Respiratory Distress Syndrome. [6] Imaging of epithelial type II cells with SP-B deficiency shows immature lamellar bodies without tightly packed membranes, but rather with loose and unorganized membranes.
Although the terminology of "adult respiratory distress syndrome" has at times been used to differentiate ARDS from "infant respiratory distress syndrome" in newborns, the international consensus is that "acute respiratory distress syndrome" is the best term because ARDS can affect people of all ages. [6]
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD; part of the spectrum of chronic lung disease of infancy) is a chronic lung disease which affects premature infants.Premature (preterm) infants who require treatment with supplemental oxygen or require long-term oxygen are at a higher risk. [1]
In 1961, she became the first physician to treat a premature baby for severe hyaline membrane disease, or infant respiratory distress syndrome, using her training in pediatric cardiology and ...
It is a diagnosis of exclusion as it is a benign condition that can have symptoms and signs similar to more serious syndromes, such as respiratory distress or meconium aspiration. [2] In distinction to transient tachypnea, respiratory distress syndrome is more common in premature infants.