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The blue baby syndrome or cyanosis occurs when absolute amount of deoxygenated hemoglobin > 3g/dL which is typically reflected with an O 2 saturation of < 85 %. [ 1 ] Both of these conditions cause cyanosis , or a bluish discoloration of skin or mucous membranes. [ 4 ]
Gray baby syndrome should be suspected in a newborn with abdominal distension, progressive pallid cyanosis, irregular respirations, and refusal to breastfeed. The cause of gray baby syndrome can come from the direct use of intravenous or oral chloramphenicol in neonates. [ 6 ]
Cyanosis is the change of body tissue color to a bluish-purple hue, as a result of decrease in the amount of oxygen bound to the hemoglobin in the red blood cells of the capillary bed. [1] Cyanosis is apparent usually in the body tissues covered with thin skin, including the mucous membranes, lips, nail beds, and ear lobes. [1]
Acrocyanosis is common initially after delivery in the preterm and full term newborn. [13] Intervention is typically not required as it is seen as a normal finding. Acrocyanosis can also return in a newborn if a baby is cold, such as after a bath, and is considered normal as well. [14]
The timing of surgery depends on the baby's symptoms and size. [8] The procedure involves increasing the size of the pulmonary valve and pulmonary arteries and repairing the ventricular septal defect. [8] In babies who are too small, a temporary surgery may be done with plans for a second surgery when the baby is bigger. [8]
Before surgery: For newborns with transposition, prostaglandins can be given to keep the ductus arteriosus open which allows for the mixing of the otherwise isolated pulmonary and systemic circuits. Thus, oxygenated blood that recirculates back to the lungs can mix with blood that circulates throughout the body and can keep the body oxygenated ...
According to Dr. Wanda Abreu, director of the newborn nursery at New York-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children’s Hospital in New York City, babies typically develop a social smile between 6 and ...
Newborn heart with HRHS, note the underdeveloped left side. When the right side of the heart is more underdeveloped than the left side, this is known as hypoplastic right heart syndrome. HRHS is known for the pulmonary valve, the tricuspid valve, right ventricle, and the pulmonary artery all failing to form properly. HRHS also causes the right ...