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Ikhtiyār al-Dīn Muḥammad Bakhtiyār Khaljī, [2] also known as Bakhtiyar Khalji, [3] [4] was a Turko-Afghan [5] [6] military general of the Ghurid ruler Muhammad of Ghor, [7] who led the Muslim conquests of the eastern Indian regions of Bengal and parts of Bihar and established himself as their ruler.
The image, in the chapter on India in Hutchison's Story of the Nations edited by James Meston, depicts the Muslim Turkic general Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khilji's massacre of Buddhist monks in Bihar. Khaliji destroyed the Nalanda and Vikramshila universities during his raids across North Indian plains, massacring many Buddhist and Brahmin scholars.
Nalanda was attacked and burnt by Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khilji (c. 1200), but it managed to remain operational for decades (or possibly even centuries) following the raids. [ 22 ] [ 23 ] [ 24 ] Over some 750 years, Nalanda's faculty included some of the most revered scholars of Mahayana Buddhism.
[15] [16] [17] As Bakhtiyar took the possession of the city, his men seized several horses and elephants along with enormous wealth. In the meantime, the main army of Bakhtiyar had overcome the guards and began to plunder the city. This plunder continued for three days. [18] Bakhtiyar moved on to Lakshmanavati, which he planned to make his capital.
Bakhtiyar Khilji's massacre of Buddhist monks in Bihar, India. Khilji destroyed the Nalanda and Vikramshila universities during his raids across North Indian plains, massacring many Buddhist and Brahmin scholars. [101] [102] The Sultans of Delhi enjoyed cordial, if superficial, relations with Muslim rulers in the Near East but owed them no ...
The Khalji dynasty was of Turko-Afghan [7] [8] [9] origin whose ancestors, the Khalaj, are said to have been initially a Turkic people or a Turkified people [10] of possibly of Indo-Iranian origin [11] who migrated together with their ancestors the Hunas and Hephthalites from Central Asia, [12] into the southern and eastern regions of modern-day Afghanistan as early as 660 CE, where they ruled ...
It prospered for about four centuries before it was destroyed by Bakhtiyar Khilji along with the other major centres of Buddhism in Eastern India around 1193. [7] Vikramashila is known to us mainly through Tibetan sources, especially the writings of Tāranātha, the Tibetan monk historian of the 16th–17th centuries. [8]
The Khalji or Khilji [b] dynasty ruled the Delhi sultanate, covering large parts of the Indian subcontinent for nearly three decades between 1290 and 1320. [ 16 ] [ 17 ] [ 18 ] Founded by Jalal ud din Firuz Khalji as the second dynasty to rule the Delhi Sultanate of India , and successfully fending off the repeated Mongol invasions of India .