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  2. Age of Enlightenment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment

    By the late Enlightenment, there was a rising demand for a more universal approach to education, particularly after the American Revolution and the French Revolution. The predominant educational psychology from the 1750s onward, especially in northern European countries, was associationism : the notion that the mind associates or dissociates ...

  3. French Revolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Revolution

    The French Revolution (French: Révolution française [ʁevɔlysjɔ̃ fʁɑ̃sɛːz]) was a period of political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789, and ended with the coup of 18 Brumaire in November 1799 and the formation of the French Consulate.

  4. Marquis de Condorcet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marquis_de_Condorcet

    Condorcet was symbolically interred in the Panthéon in 1989, in honour of the bicentennial of the French Revolution and Condorcet's role as a central figure in the Enlightenment. His coffin, however, was empty as his remains, originally interred in the common cemetery of Bourg-la-Reine, were lost during the nineteenth century.

  5. Age of Revolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age_of_Revolution

    The Age of Revolution is a period from the late-18th to the mid-19th centuries during which a number of significant revolutionary movements occurred in most of Europe and the Americas. [2] The period is noted for the change from absolutist monarchies to representative governments with a written constitution , and the creation of nation states .

  6. Women's March on Versailles - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women's_March_on_Versailles

    The women's march was a signal event of the French Revolution, with an effect on par with the fall of the Bastille. [68] For posterity, the march is emblematic of the power of popular movements. The occupation of the deputies' benches in the Assembly created a template for the future, ushering in the mob rule that would frequently influence ...

  7. Causes of the French Revolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../Causes_of_the_French_Revolution

    These factors include cultural changes, normally associated with the Enlightenment; social change and financial and economic difficulties; and the political actions of the involved parties. For centuries, the French society was divided into three estates or orders. The first estate, the highest class, consisted of clergy.

  8. Timeline of the French Revolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_French...

    This oath is taken by his troops, as well as the king. The Fête de la Fédération is the last event to unite all the different factions in Paris during the Revolution. July 23: The Pope writes a secret letter to Louis XVI, promising to condemn the Assembly's abolition of the special status of the French clergy.

  9. Salon (gathering) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salon_(gathering)

    Goodman, Dena, The Republic of Letters: A Cultural History of the French Enlightenment (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1994) Goodman, Dena, Enlightenment Salons: The Convergence of Female and Philosophic Ambitions, Eighteenth-Century Studies, Vol. 22, No. 3, Special Issue: The French Revolution in Culture (Spring, 1989), pp. 329–350