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A specific isoform of apolipoprotein, APOE4, is a major genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. [15] While apolipoproteins enhance the breakdown of beta amyloid, some isoforms are not very effective at this task (such as APOE4), leading to excess amyloid buildup in the brain. [56]
The prevention of dementia involves reducing the number of risk factors for the development of dementia, and is a global health priority needing a global response. [1] [2] Initiatives include the establishment of the International Research Network on Dementia Prevention (IRNDP) [3] which aims to link researchers in this field globally, and the establishment of the Global Dementia Observatory ...
The biochemistry of Alzheimer's disease, the most common cause of dementia, is not yet very well understood. Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been identified as a proteopathy : a protein misfolding disease due to the accumulation of abnormally folded amyloid beta (Aβ) protein in the brain . [ 1 ]
Alzheimer’s usually is a disease of people over age 65 and while simply getting older is the main risk, the APOE gene has long been known to play some role. It comes in three main varieties.
Several genetic, cell biology, biochemical and animal studies using experimental models support the concept that Aβ plays a central role in the development of Alzheimer's disease pathology. [33] [34] Brain Aβ is elevated in people with sporadic Alzheimer's disease.
For example, BACE1-AS ncRNA expression is upregulated in Alzheimer's disease patients and results in increased stability of BACE1 – the mRNA precursor to an enzyme involved in Alzheimer's disease. [6] Epigenetic drugs target the proteins responsible for modifications on DNA or histone.
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