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The comparisons in this article are organized by abstract data type. As a single concrete data structure may be used to implement many abstract data types, some data structures may appear in multiple comparisons (for example, a hash map can be used to implement an associative array or a set).
OCaml's standard library contains a Set module, which implements a functional set data structure using binary search trees. The GHC implementation of Haskell provides a Data.Set module, which implements immutable sets using binary search trees. [9] The Tcl Tcllib package provides a set module which implements a set data structure based upon TCL ...
Many languages have explicit pointers or references. Reference types differ from these in that the entities they refer to are always accessed via references; for example, whereas in C++ it's possible to have either a std:: string and a std:: string *, where the former is a mutable string and the latter is an explicit pointer to a mutable string (unless it's a null pointer), in Java it is only ...
Modern C++ compilers are tuned to minimize abstraction penalties arising from heavy use of the STL. The STL was created as the first library of generic algorithms and data structures for C++, with four ideas in mind: generic programming, abstractness without loss of efficiency, the Von Neumann computation model, [2] and value semantics.
"Ordered" means that the elements of the data type have some kind of explicit order to them, where an element can be considered "before" or "after" another element. This order is usually determined by the order in which the elements are added to the structure, but the elements can be rearranged in some contexts, such as sorting a list.
The containers are defined in headers named after the names of the containers, e.g., unordered_set is defined in header <unordered_set>. All containers satisfy the requirements of the Container concept , which means they have begin() , end() , size() , max_size() , empty() , and swap() methods.
In the C programming language, data types constitute the semantics and characteristics of storage of data elements. They are expressed in the language syntax in form of declarations for memory locations or variables. Data types also determine the types of operations or methods of processing of data elements.
In C++, associative containers are a group of class templates in the standard library of the C++ programming language that implement ordered associative arrays. [1] Being templates , they can be used to store arbitrary elements, such as integers or custom classes.