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A virtual IP address (VIP or VIPA) is an IP address that does not correspond to a physical network interface. Uses for VIPs include network address translation (especially, one-to-many NAT ), fault-tolerance, and mobility .
In computer science, a heartbeat is a periodic signal generated by hardware or software to indicate normal operation or to synchronize other parts of a computer system. [1] [2] Heartbeat mechanism is one of the common techniques in mission critical systems for providing high availability and fault tolerance of network services by detecting the network or systems failures of nodes or daemons ...
A fault-tolerant computer system can be achieved at the internal component level, at the system level (multiple machines), or site level (replication).. One would normally deploy a load balancer to ensure high availability for a server cluster at the system level. [3]
Round-robin DNS is a technique of load distribution, load balancing, or fault-tolerance provisioning multiple, redundant Internet Protocol service hosts, e.g., Web server, FTP servers, by managing the Domain Name System's (DNS) responses to address requests from client computers according to an appropriate statistical model.
In June 2002, Stratus introduced the ftServer line of Intel-based servers, running Microsoft Windows 2000 and higher. The Stratus ftServer line sold today supports Windows Server, VMware vSphere, and Red Hat Enterprise Linux. [7] The company sells models of ftServer designated as entry-level, mid-range and enterprise-class fault tolerant servers.
There is a difference between fault tolerance and systems that rarely have problems. For instance, the Western Electric crossbar systems had failure rates of two hours per forty years, and therefore were highly fault resistant. But when a fault did occur they still stopped operating completely, and therefore were not fault tolerant.
In computer science, state machine replication (SMR) or state machine approach is a general method for implementing a fault-tolerant service by replicating servers and coordinating client interactions with server replicas. The approach also provides a framework for understanding and designing replication management protocols.
NonStop is a series of server computers introduced to market in 1976 by Tandem Computers Inc., [1] beginning with the NonStop product line. [2] It was followed by the Tandem Integrity NonStop line of lock-step fault-tolerant computers, now defunct (not to be confused with the later and much different Hewlett-Packard Integrity product line extension).