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Thorium concentrations on the Moon, as mapped by Lunar Prospector.Thorium correlates with the location of KREEP. KREEP, an acronym built from the letters K (the atomic symbol for potassium), REE (rare-earth elements) and P (for phosphorus), is a geochemical component of some lunar impact breccia and basaltic rocks.
Round Top is known for containing rare-earth elements, including the largest deposit of heavy rare-earth elements in the United States, estimated at over 1 billion tons. [5] The rare-earth elements contained in the mountain can be used to build energy and defense applications as well as electronic devices, lasers, in oil and gas drilling, water ...
An overview of one of the regolith-hosted rare earth element deposits (a type of Rare Earth Element mine) in South China [1]. Regolith-hosted rare earth element deposits (also known as ion-adsorption deposits) are rare-earth element (REE) ores in decomposed rocks that are formed by intense weathering of REE-rich parental rocks (e.g. granite, tuff etc.) in subtropical areas. [2]
See: Rare earth industry in China.) Although current evidence suggests rare-earth elements are less abundant on the Moon than on Earth, [60] NASA views the mining of rare-earth minerals as a viable lunar resource [61] because they exhibit a wide range of industrially important optical, electrical, magnetic and catalytic properties. [1]
The principal sources of rare-earth elements are the minerals bastnäsite (RCO 3 F, where R is a mixture of rare-earth elements), monazite (XPO 4, where X is a mixture of rare-earth elements and sometimes thorium), and loparite ((Ce,Na,Ca)(Ti,Nb)O 3), and the lateritic ion-adsorption clays.
Rare-earth ore, shown with a United States penny for size comparison. A rare-earth mineral contains one or more rare-earth elements as major metal constituents. Rare-earth minerals are usually found in association with alkaline to peralkaline igneous complexes in pegmatites. This would be associated with alkaline magmas or with carbonatite ...
Quartzolite – Extremely rare igneous rock made mostly of quartz – An intrusive rock composed mostly of quartz; Rhyodacite – Volcanic rock rich in silica and low in alkali metal oxides – A felsic volcanic rock which is intermediate between a rhyolite and a dacite; Rhyolite – Igneous, volcanic rock, of felsic (silica-rich) composition
Kvanefjeld (or Kuannersuit), in Greenland, is the site of a mineral deposit, which is claimed to be the world's second-largest deposit of rare-earth oxides, and the sixth-largest deposit of uranium. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] There are also substantial sodium fluoride deposits, and Kvanefjeld is thought to be one of the largest multi-element deposits of its ...