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Apatosaurus has ten dorsal ribs on either side of the body. [17] The large neck was filled with an extensive system of weight-saving air sacs. Apatosaurus, like its close relative Supersaurus, has tall neural spines, which make up more than half the height of the individual bones of its vertebrae. The shape of the tail is unusual for a ...
Comparison of three specimens and a human: Oklahoma specimen of Apatosaurus ajax (orange), A. louisae (red), and Brontosaurus parvus (green) Apatosaurines are large, long-necked, quadrupedal animals with long, whip-like tails, and forelimbs that were slightly shorter than its hindlimbs.
But a preliminary study of the relationship between adult size, growth rate, and body temperature concluded that larger dinosaurs had higher body temperatures than smaller ones had; Apatosaurus, the largest dinosaur in the sample, was estimated to have a body temperature exceeding 41 °C (106 °F), whereas smaller dinosaurs were estimated to ...
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By comparison, the giraffe, the tallest of all living land animals, is only 4.8 to 5.6 metres (15.74 to 18.3 ft) tall. The best evidence indicates that the most massive were Argentinosaurus (65–80 metric tons [ 27 ] [ 23 ] [ 24 ] ), Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum (60-80 metric tons [ 24 ] ), the giant Barosaurus specimen (60-80+ metric tons ...
Other prominent dinosaurs contained in this clade include Apatosaurus, Supersaurus, and Brontosaurus. Diplodocoids are distinguished by a unique head shape, which displays certain highly derived features when compared to other sauropods. The teeth are located entirely anterior to the antorbital fenestra and the snout is especially broad.
Diplodocus restored with an upright posture, based on comparison with living animals, from Taylor et al., 2009. Sauropod neck posture is a subject occasionally debated among scientists, with some favoring postures closer to horizontal whilst others a more upright posture. Research has looked at various avenues of evidence and analysis including ...
Size of two specimens compared to a human, with the holotype of Ceratosaurus nasicornis (USNM 4735) in orange and a larger specimen (UMNH VP 5278) in blue. Ceratosaurus followed the body plan typical for large theropod dinosaurs. [6] As a biped, it moved on powerful legs, while its arms were reduced in size.