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  2. Lazy initialization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazy_initialization

    In computer programming, lazy initialization is the tactic of delaying the creation of an object, the calculation of a value, or some other expensive process until the first time it is needed.

  3. Lazy loading - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazy_loading

    With lazy initialization, the object is first set to null. Whenever the object is requested, the object is checked, and if it is null, the object is then immediately created and returned. For example, lazy loading for a widget can be implemented in the C# programming language as such:

  4. Singleton pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singleton_pattern

    A singleton implementation may use lazy initialization in which the instance is created when the static method is first invoked. In multithreaded programs, this can cause race conditions that result in the creation of multiple instances. The following Java 5+ example [6] is a thread-safe implementation, using lazy initialization with double ...

  5. Object copying - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object_copying

    In VBA, an assignment of variables of type Object is a shallow copy, an assignment for all other types (numeric types, String, user defined types, arrays) is a deep copy. So the keyword Set for an assignment signals a shallow copy and the (optional) keyword Let signals a deep copy.

  6. Flyweight pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flyweight_pattern

    store intrinsic state that is invariant, context-independent and shareable (for example, the code of character 'A' in a given character set) provide an interface for passing in extrinsic state that is variant, context-dependent and can't be shared (for example, the position of character 'A' in a text document)

  7. Observer pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Observer_pattern

    Below is an example written in Java that takes keyboard input and handles each input line as an event. When a string is supplied from System.in, the method notifyObservers() is then called in order to notify all observers of the event's occurrence, in the form of an invocation of their update methods.

  8. Mediator pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediator_pattern

    In the following example, a Mediator object controls the values of several Storage objects, forcing the user code to access the stored values through the mediator. When a storage object wants to emit an event indicating that its value has changed, it also goes back to the mediator object (via the method notifyObservers ) that controls the list ...

  9. Initialization-on-demand holder idiom - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Initialization-on-demand...

    In software engineering, the initialization-on-demand holder (design pattern) idiom is a lazy-loaded singleton. In all versions of Java, the idiom enables a safe, highly concurrent lazy initialization of static fields with good performance. [1] [2]