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Apache ORC (Optimized Row Columnar) is a free and open-source column-oriented data storage format. [3] It is similar to the other columnar-storage file formats available in the Hadoop ecosystem such as RCFile and Parquet. It is used by most of the data processing frameworks Apache Spark, Apache Hive, Apache Flink, and Apache Hadoop.
For example, a table of 128 rows with a Boolean column requires 128 bytes a row-oriented format (one byte per Boolean) but 128 bits (16 bytes) in a column-oriented format (via a bitmap). Another example is the use of run-length encoding to encode a column.
The horizontal partitioning will first partition the table into multiple row groups based on the row-group size, which is a user-specified value determining the size of each row group. For example, the table mentioned above can be partitioned to two row groups if the user specifies three rows as the size of each row group.
The query CREATE TABLE word_counts AS SELECT word, count(1) AS count creates a table called word_counts with two columns: word and count. This query draws its input from the inner query (SELECT explode (split (line, '\s')) AS word FROM docs) temp ". This query serves to split the input words into different rows of a temporary table aliased as temp.
Open-source (since 2004) columnar Relational DBMS pioneer PostgreSQL cstore fdw, [1] vops [2] C cstore_fdw uses ORC format StarRocks Java & C++ Open source, unified analytics platform for batch and real-time analytics. Supports and extensions available from CelerData. VictoriaMetrics Go Time series database
Apache Parquet is a free and open-source column-oriented data storage format in the Apache Hadoop ecosystem. It is similar to RCFile and ORC, the other columnar-storage file formats in Hadoop, and is compatible with most of the data processing frameworks around Hadoop.
In SQL Server 2012, an in-memory technology called xVelocity column-store indexes targeted for data-warehouse workloads. Mimer SQL: Mimer Information Technology SQL, ODBC, JDBC, ADO.NET, Embedded SQL, C, C++, Python Proprietary Mimer SQL is a general purpose relational database server that can be configured to run fully in-memory.
Trino is an open-source distributed SQL query engine designed to query large data sets distributed over one or more heterogeneous data sources. [1] Trino can query data lakes that contain a variety of file formats such as simple row-oriented CSV and JSON data files to more performant open column-oriented data file formats like ORC or Parquet [2] [3] residing on different storage systems like ...