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The health effects of e-cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are generally claimed to be less harmful than those of smoking, but worse than not smoking at all. However, health effects are a function of inhaled materials, of associated behavior changes (notably traditional cigarette smoking), of how and how often the products are used, over what period ...
Vaping-associated pulmonary injury (VAPI), [4] also known as vaping-associated lung injury (VALI) [1] or e-cigarette, or vaping, product use associated lung injury (E/VALI), [2] [a] is an umbrella term, [15] [16] used to describe lung diseases associated with the use of vaping products that can be severe and life-threatening. [3]
However, e-cigarette use with or without nicotine cannot be considered risk-free [163] because the long-term effects of e-cigarette use are unknown. [97] [149] [160] Possible side effects of nicotine [164] The cytotoxicity of e-liquids varies, [165] and contamination with various chemicals have been detected in the liquid. [34]
The CDC recommends that e-cigarette, or vaping, products should never be used by youths, young adults, or women who are pregnant. [2] Adults who do not currently use tobacco products should not start using e-cigarettes or vaping products, according to the CDC.
The scientific community in the United States and Europe are primarily concerned with the possible effect of electronic cigarette use on public health. [1] There is concern among public health experts that e-cigarettes could renormalize smoking, weaken measures to control tobacco, [2] and serve as a gateway for smoking among youth. [3]
Though smoking has declined significantly over the decades, nearly one in eight American adults still smoke, and cigarette smoking kills more than 480,000 Americans a year, government data show.
The LD 50 of nicotine is 50 mg/kg for rats and 3 mg/kg for mice. 0.5–1.0 mg/kg can be a lethal dosage for adult humans, and 0.1 mg/kg for children. [19] [20] However the widely used human LD 50 estimate of 0.5–1.0 mg/kg was questioned in a 2013 review, in light of several documented cases of humans surviving much higher doses; the 2013 review suggests that the lower limit causing fatal ...
The health effects of long-term nicotine use is unknown. [18] It may be decades before the long-term health effects of nicotine e-cigarette aerosol inhalation is known. [19] Short-term nicotine use excites the autonomic ganglia nerves and autonomic nerves, but chronic use seems to induce negative effects on endothelial cells. [20]