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miscible polymer blends (homogeneous polymer blends): Polymer blend that is a single-phase structure. In this case, one glass transition temperature will be observed. The use of the term polymer alloy for a polymer blend is discouraged, as the former term includes multiphase copolymers but excludes incompatible polymer blends. [3]
Novel polymeric alloy (NPA) is a polymeric alloy composed of polyolefin and thermoplastic engineering polymer with enhanced engineering properties. NPA was developed for use in geosynthetics . One of the first commercial NPA applications was in the manufacturer of polymeric strips used to form Neoloy® cellular confinement systems (geocells) .
, where ΔS is the change in entropy of mixing, R is the gas constant, Φ is the volume fraction of each polymer, and x is the number of segments of each polymer. [3] x 1 and x 2 increase with higher degrees of polymerization and thus molecular weight. Since most useful polymers are high in molecular weight, the change in entropy experienced ...
The phase behavior of polymer solutions is an important property involved in the development and design of most polymer-related processes. Partially miscible polymer solutions often exhibit two solubility boundaries, the upper critical solution temperature (UCST) and the LCST, both of which depend on the molar mass and the pressure. At ...
In polymer chemistry, polymerization (American English), or polymerisation (British English), is a process of reacting monomer molecules together in a chemical reaction to form polymer chains or three-dimensional networks. [1] [2] [3] There are many forms of polymerization [4] and different systems exist to categorize them.
The Flory–Fox equation relates the number-average molecular weight, M n, to the glass transition temperature, T g, as shown below: =, where T g,∞ is the maximum glass transition temperature that can be achieved at a theoretical infinite molecular weight and K is an empirical parameter that is related to the free volume present in the polymer sample.
Polymer engineering is generally an engineering field that designs, analyses, and modifies polymer materials. Polymer engineering covers aspects of the petrochemical industry, polymerization, structure and characterization of polymers, properties of polymers, compounding and processing of polymers and description of major polymers, structure property relations and applications.
Structure of cadmium cyanide (Cd(CN) 2), highlighting the interpenetrated structure.Blue = one Cd(CN) 2 substructure, red = other Cd(CN) 2 substructure. An Interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) is a polymer comprising two or more networks which are at least partially interlaced on a polymer scale but not covalently bonded to each other.