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[4] [15] Many of the definitions based on subject matter, method, its relation to science or to meaning and understanding are essentialists conceptions of philosophy. They are controversial since they often exclude various theories and activities usually treated as part of philosophy.
Ned Block (ed.), Readings in Philosophy of Psychology, 1981; Mario Bunge and Rubén Ardilla, Philosophy of Psychology, 1987; Paul E. Meehl, "Theoretical Risks and Tabular Asterisks: Sir Karl, Sir Ronald, and the Slow Progress of Soft Psychology", 1992; Steven Pinker, The Blank Slate: The Modern Denial of Human Nature, 2002
This branch of philosophy encompassed a wide range of fields, including disciplines like physics, chemistry, and biology. [8] An example of this usage is the 1687 book Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica by Isaac Newton. This book referred to natural philosophy in its title, but it is today considered a book of physics. [9]
Butler examines the influence of the German philosopher Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel on 20th-century French philosophy. Influenced by Alexandre Kojève, they follow and expand upon his definition of desire as the feeling of an absence or lack. Hegelian desire is in this sense a desire for non-being or death.
On Bullshit is a 2005 book (originally a 1986 essay) by the American philosopher Harry G. Frankfurt which presents a theory of bullshit that defines the concept and analyzes the applications of bullshit in the context of communication. Frankfurt determines that bullshit is speech intended to persuade without regard for truth.
The Century (book) Chinese Gung Fu: The Philosophical Art of Self-Defense; Cinema and Death: on Image and Immortality; The City of God; The Closing of the American Mind; Commentaries on Living; The Concept of Mind; The Conditions of Philosophy; The Conscious Mind; The Consolations of Philosophy; A Constructive Survey of Upanishadic Philosophy
Book XII or Lambda: Further remarks on beings in general, first principles, and God or gods. This book includes Aristotle's famous description of the unmoved mover, "the most divine of things observed by us", as "the thinking of thinking". Books XIII and XIV, or Mu and Nu: Philosophy of mathematics, in particular how numbers exist.
The root of the words subjectivity and objectivity are subject and object, philosophical terms that mean, respectively, an observer and a thing being observed.The word subjectivity comes from subject in a philosophical sense, meaning an individual who possesses unique conscious experiences, such as perspectives, feelings, beliefs, and desires, [1] [3] or who (consciously) acts upon or wields ...