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Chain-growth polymerization or chain-growth polymerisation is a polymerization technique where monomer molecules add onto the active site on a growing polymer chain one at a time. [1] There are a limited number of these active sites at any moment during the polymerization which gives this method its key characteristics.
Reversible addition−fragmentation chain-transfer or RAFT polymerization is one of several kinds of reversible-deactivation radical polymerization. It makes use of a chain-transfer agent (CTA) in the form of a thiocarbonylthio compound (or similar, from here on referred to as a RAFT agent, see Figure 1) to afford control over the generated ...
In polymer chemistry, ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) is a type of chain-growth polymerization involving olefin metathesis. [1] The reaction is driven by relieving ring strain in cyclic olefins. [2] A variety of heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts have been developed for different polymers and mechanisms. [3]
The polymerization process is explained in Figure 2. Figure 2. Single chain cyclized/knotted polymers synthesis approach. In a similar way to normal ATRP, the polymerization is started by initiation to produce a free radical, followed by chain propagation and reversible activation/deactivation equilibrium. Unlike the polymerization of single ...
Living polymerization: A chain polymerization from which chain transfer and chain termination are absent. Note : In many cases, the rate of chain initiation is fast compared with the rate of chain propagation, so that the number of kinetic-chain carriers is essentially constant throughout the polymerization.
anionic polymerization: An ionic polymerization in which the kinetic-chain carriers are anions. [ 1 ] In polymer chemistry , anionic addition polymerization is a form of chain-growth polymerization or addition polymerization that involves the polymerization of monomers initiated with anions .
Long chain branches may increase polymer strength, toughness, and the glass transition temperature (T g) due to an increase in the number of entanglements per chain. A random and short chain length between branches, on the other hand, may reduce polymer strength due to disruption of the chains' ability to interact with each other or crystallize.
Nitroxide-mediated radical polymerization is a method of radical polymerization that makes use of an nitroxide initiator to generate polymers with well controlled stereochemistry and a very low dispersity. [1] It is a type of reversible-deactivation radical polymerization. A chain growth step in a nitroxide mediated polymerization process.