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Although idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) is a diagnosis of exclusion, it is often the initial misdiagnosis of several acquired non-inflammatory myopathies. [1] [9] [10] This is due to a number of factors, including: overlapping symptoms (such as muscle weakness, pain, elevated CK);
Myositis is a rarely-encountered medical condition characterized by inflammation affecting the muscles. [2] The manifestations of this condition may include skin issues, muscle weakness , and the potential involvement of other organs. [ 3 ]
The development of necrotizing myopathy after statin exposure is insufficient to make the diagnosis. Testing must first exclude other causes of myositis and necrotizing myopathy. [7] A muscle biopsy consistent with SAAM will demonstrate muscle cell death with muscle fiber regeneration and typically has few inflammatory cells.
Dermatomyositis is considered a type of inflammatory myopathy. [1] Diagnosis is typically based on some combination of symptoms, blood tests, electromyography, and muscle biopsies. [2] Eighty percent of adults [5] and sixty percent of children with juvenile dermatomyositis have a myositis-specific antibody (MSA). [6]
Myopathies in systemic disease results from several different disease processes including endocrine, inflammatory, paraneoplastic, infectious, drug- and toxin-induced, critical illness myopathy, metabolic, collagen related, [3] and myopathies with other systemic disorders. Patients with systemic myopathies often present acutely or sub
Distal muscular dystrophy, also called distal myopathy, is essentially any muscle disease that preferentially affects the hands and/or feet, a much less common pattern than proximal muscle weakness. Late adult-onset type 1
Because interstitial lung disease is the main finding and myositis is often mild, muscle biopsy is rarely performed. [9] Although muscle biopsy is often helpful in other forms of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, there is currently no evidence to support the use of muscle biopsy when diagnosing antisynthetase syndrome. [43]
Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is an idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IMM) of presumed autoimmune dysfunction resulting in muscle weakness among other complications. It manifests itself in children; it is the pediatric counterpart of dermatomyositis.