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Fluorine reacts with silicon dioxide to form SiF 4 and O 2 whereas the other halogen gases (Cl 2, Br 2, I 2) are unreactive. [15] Most forms of silicon dioxide are attacked ("etched") by hydrofluoric acid (HF) to produce hexafluorosilicic acid: [12] SiO 2 + 6 HF → H 2 SiF 6 + 2 H 2 O. Stishovite does not react to HF to any significant degree ...
Fused quartz is produced by fusing (melting) high-purity silica sand, which consists of quartz crystals. There are four basic types of commercial silica glass: Type I is produced by induction melting natural quartz in a vacuum or an inert atmosphere. Type II is produced by fusing quartz crystal powder in a high-temperature flame.
The most reactive metals, such as sodium, will react with cold water to produce hydrogen and the metal hydroxide: 2 Na (s) + 2 H 2 O (l) →2 NaOH (aq) + H 2 (g) Metals in the middle of the reactivity series, such as iron , will react with acids such as sulfuric acid (but not water at normal temperatures) to give hydrogen and a metal salt ...
Quartz is, therefore, classified structurally as a framework silicate mineral and compositionally as an oxide mineral. Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust, behind feldspar. [9] Quartz exists in two forms, the normal α-quartz and the high-temperature β-quartz, both of which are chiral. The transformation ...
The silicides of the group 1 and 2 metals usually are more reactive than the transition metal silicides. The latter usually do not react with aqueous reagents, except for hydrofluoric acid; however, they do react with much more aggressive reagents such as liquid potassium hydroxide, or gaseous fluorine or chlorine when red-hot.
One can see bubbles of gaseous O 2 formed by the coalescence of nascent atomic oxygen produced by the reaction between hydrogen peroxide and sulfuric acid. Piranha solution is used frequently in the microelectronics industry, e.g. to clean photoresist or organic material residue from silicon wafers .
Serpentinization is a hydration and metamorphic transformation of ferromagnesian minerals, such as olivine and pyroxene, in mafic and ultramafic rock to produce serpentinite. [1] Minerals formed by serpentinization include the serpentine group minerals ( antigorite , lizardite , chrysotile ), brucite , talc , Ni-Fe alloys, and magnetite .
Magnetite reacts with oxygen to produce hematite, and the mineral pair forms a buffer that can control how oxidizing its environment is (the oxygen fugacity). This buffer is known as the hematite-magnetite or HM buffer. At lower oxygen levels, magnetite can form a buffer with quartz and fayalite known as the QFM buffer.