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As the disease progresses, special contact lenses (such as scleral contact lenses) may be required. [3] In most people, the disease stabilizes after a few years without severe vision problems. [3] In 2016, the FDA approved corneal collagen cross-linking to halt the progression of keratoconus. [10]
(H18.6) Keratoconus — degenerative disease: the cornea thins and changes shape to be more like a cone than a parabole (H19.3) Keratoconjunctivitis sicca — dry eyes (H20.0) Iritis — inflammation of the iris (H20.0, H44.1) Uveitis — inflammatory process involving the interior of the eye; Sympathetic ophthalmia is a subset.
Keratoconjunctivitis is a term used to describe inflammation of both the cornea (the clear, front part of the eye) and the conjunctiva (the thin, transparent membrane covering the white part of the eye and lining the inside of the eyelids). This condition can have various causes, and its presentation may vary depending on the underlying factors.
Dry eye syndrome is a common eye disease. [3] It affects 5–34% of people to some degree depending on the population looked at. [5] Among older people it affects up to 70%. [10] In China it affects about 17% of people. [11] The phrase "keratoconjunctivitis sicca" means "dryness of the cornea and conjunctiva" in Latin. [12]
Keratoconus, a progressive, noninflammatory, bilateral, asymmetric disease, characterized by paraxial stromal thinning and weakening that leads to corneal surface distortion. [2] Keratoglobus, a rare noninflammatory corneal thinning disorder, characterised by generalised thinning and globular protrusion of the cornea. [3]
VKC is thought to be an allergic disorder in which IgE mediated mechanism play a role. Such patients often give family history of other atopic diseases such as hay fever, asthma or eczema, and their peripheral blood shows eosinophilia and increased serum IgE levels.
Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis (SLK, Théodore's syndrome [1]) is a disease of the eye [2] characterized by episodes of recurrent inflammation of the superior cornea and limbus, as well as of the superior tarsal and bulbar conjunctiva. [3] It was first described by F. H. Théodore in 1963. [4]
Abnormal corneal topography compromises of keratoconus, pellucid marginal degeneration, or forme fruste keratoconus with an I-S value of 1.4 or more [4] is the most significant risk factor. Low age, low residual stromal bed (RSB) thickness, low preoperative corneal thickness, and high myopia are other important risk factors.