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Diamagnetism is a quantum mechanical effect that occurs in all materials; when it is the only contribution to the magnetism, the material is called diamagnetic. In paramagnetic and ferromagnetic substances, the weak diamagnetic force is overcome by the attractive force of magnetic dipoles in the material.
However, several possibilities exist to make levitation viable, for example, the use of electronic stabilization or diamagnetic materials (since relative magnetic permeability is less than one [5]); it can be shown that diamagnetic materials are stable along at least one axis, and can be stable along all axes. Conductors can have a relative ...
Most minerals with no iron content are diamagnetic. [1] Some such minerals may have a significant positive magnetic susceptibility, for example serpentine, [2] but this is because the minerals have inclusions containing strongly magnetic minerals such as magnetite. The susceptibility of such minerals is negative and small (Table 1).
Generally, nonmagnetic materials are said to be para- or diamagnetic because they do not possess permanent magnetization without external magnetic field. Ferromagnetic , ferrimagnetic , or antiferromagnetic materials possess permanent magnetization even without external magnetic field and do not have a well defined zero-field susceptibility.
The original model demonstrated an accuracy within 1% of literature values for diamagnetic solutions and within 2% for paramagnetic solids. [5] The device facilitates measurements across solid, liquid, and gaseous forms of a wide spectrum of paramagnetic and diamagnetic materials, typically requiring approximately 250 mg of sample for each ...
Diamagnetic materials are commonly used for demonstration purposes. In this case the returning force appears from the interaction with the screening currents. For example, a superconducting sample, which can be considered either as a perfect diamagnet or an ideally hard superconductor, easily levitates in an ambient external magnetic field. The ...
Meissner Effect (Science from scratch) Short video from Imperial College London about the Meissner effect and levitating trains of the future. Introduction to superconductivity Video about Type 1 Superconductors: R = 0/Transition temperatures/B is a state variable/Meissner effect/Energy gap (Giaever)/BCS model. Meissner Effect (Hyperphysics)
Diamagnetic materials are excepted because they exhibit only repulsion against the magnetic field, whereas the theorem requires materials that have both repulsion and attraction. An example of this is the famous levitating frog (see Diamagnetism ).