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The onset (also known as anlaut) is the consonant sound or sounds at the beginning of a syllable, occurring before the nucleus. Most syllables have an onset. Syllables without an onset may be said to have an empty or zero onset – that is, nothing where the onset would be.
In orthography, a zero consonant, silent initial, or null-onset letter is a consonant letter that does not correspond to a consonant sound, but is required when a word or syllable starts with a vowel (i.e. has a null onset).
A good example for the SSP in English is the one-syllable word trust: The first consonant in the syllable onset is t, which is a stop, the lowest on the sonority scale; next is r, a liquid which is more sonorous, then we have the vowel u / ʌ / – the sonority peak; next, in the syllable coda, is s, a sibilant, and last is another stop, t.
There are several kinds of zero: In phonetics and phonology, a null phoneme or zero phone indicates that no phone is produced where one might be expected. For example, in syllable structure analysis, null onset indicates that a syllable lacks an initial consonant (onset) that is normally required by phonotactics of the considered
In the phonological definition, a vowel is defined as syllabic, the sound that forms the peak of a syllable. [5] A phonetically equivalent but non-syllabic sound is a semivowel. In oral languages, phonetic vowels normally form the peak (nucleus) of many or all syllables, whereas consonants form the onset and (in languages that have them) coda.
Weak syllable deletion: omission of an unstressed syllable in the target word, e.g., [nænæ] for ‘banana’ - Final consonant deletion: omission of the final consonant in the target word, e.g., [pikʌ] for ‘because’ - Reduplication: production of two identical syllables based on one of the target word syllables, e.g., [baba] for ‘bottle’
No onset /ŋ/ No /h/ in the syllable coda (except in Hiberno-English) No affricates in complex onsets (except when underlying /tr/ and /dr/ are analysed as /tʃr/ and /dʒr/) [6] No /h/ in complex onsets; The first consonant in a complex onset must be an obstruent (e.g. stop; combinations such as *ntat or *rkoop, with a sonorant, are not allowed)
Syllable structure tends to be highly influenced and motivated by the sonority scale, with the general rule that more sonorous elements are internal (i.e., close to the syllable nucleus) and less sonorant elements are external. For instance, the sequence /plant/ is permissible in many languages, while /lpatn/ is much less likely.