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  2. Vortex tube - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vortex_tube

    Fulton sold the company to Vortec, Inc. [19] The vortex tube was used to separate gas mixtures, oxygen and nitrogen, carbon dioxide and helium, carbon dioxide and air in 1967 by Linderstrom-Lang. [20] [21] Vortex tubes also seem to work with liquids to some extent, as demonstrated by Hsueh and Swenson in a laboratory experiment where free body ...

  3. Breathing gas - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breathing_gas

    A breathing gas is a mixture of gaseous chemical elements and compounds used for respiration. Air is the most common and only natural breathing gas. Other mixtures of gases, or pure oxygen, are also used in breathing equipment and enclosed habitats such as scuba equipment, surface supplied diving equipment, recompression chambers, high-altitude mountaineering, high-flying aircraft, submarines ...

  4. Self-contained breathing apparatus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-contained_breathing...

    Uses compressed oxygen. Uses an oxygen-generating solid. This involves a chemical reaction between potassium superoxide with exhaled water and carbon dioxide. A chlorate candle has to be struck to start the device. To reduce pressure buildup from use, a pressure-relief valve with saliva trap is included.

  5. Orsat gas analyser - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orsat_gas_analyser

    An Orsat gas analyser or Orsat apparatus is a piece of laboratory equipment used to analyse a gas sample (typically fossil fuel flue gas) for its oxygen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide content. Although largely replaced by instrumental techniques, the Orsat remains a reliable method of measurement and is relatively simple to use.

  6. Tracheal intubation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracheal_intubation

    Tracheal tubes can be used to ensure the adequate exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide, to deliver oxygen in higher concentrations than found in air, or to administer other gases such as helium, [27] nitric oxide, [28] nitrous oxide, xenon, [29] or certain volatile anesthetic agents such as desflurane, isoflurane, or sevoflurane.

  7. Asphyxiant gas - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphyxiant_gas

    Modern methods to detect asphyxiant gases in mines led to the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 in the United States which established ventilation standards in which mines should be "ventilated by a current of air containing not less than 19.5 volume per centum of oxygen, not more than 0.5 volume per centum of carbon dioxide".

  8. Diffusion tube - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffusion_tube

    The other cap (a different colour) contains metal mesh discs coated with a chemical reagent that absorbs the gas being studied as it enters the tube. [7] Tubes that work this way are also known as Palmes tubes after their inventor, American chemist Edward Palmes, [8] [9] who described using such a tube as a personal air quality sensor in 1976. [10]

  9. Gas blending - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_blending

    Carbon dioxide is also removed and to ensure that an appropriate amount of carbon dioxide remains, a mixture of nitrogen and carbon dioxide may be used for the sparging gas. [ 3 ] Purging and blanketing: The removal of oxygen from the headspace above the wine in a container by flushing with a similar gas mixture to that used for sparging is ...