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The unique games conjecture states that for every sufficiently small pair of constants ε, δ > 0, there exists a constant k such that the following promise problem (L yes, L no) is NP-hard: L yes = {G: the value of G is at least 1 − δ} L no = {G: the value of G is at most ε} where G is a unique game whose answers come from a set of size k.
Thus, as far as he knows, there are two possible sequences the first person could have been labeling: one starting with a 0, and one starting with a 1. Because of our labeling scheme, these two sequences would receive opposite labels, so based on what the first person says, the second person can determine which of the two possible strings the ...
In game theory, "guess 2 / 3 of the average" is a game where players simultaneously select a real number between 0 and 100, inclusive. The winner of the game is the player(s) who select a number closest to 2 / 3 of the average of numbers chosen by all players.
A mathematical game is a game whose rules, strategies, and outcomes are defined by clear mathematical parameters. [ 1 ] [ verification needed ] [ clarification needed ] Often, such games have simple rules and match procedures, such as tic-tac-toe and dots and boxes .
A 2-spot game of Sprouts. The game ends when the first player is unable to draw a connecting line between the only two free points, marked in green. The game is played by two players, [2] starting with a few spots drawn on a sheet of paper. Players take turns, where each turn consists of drawing a line between two spots (or from a spot to ...
Conway's Game of Life and fractals, as two examples, may also be considered mathematical puzzles even though the solver interacts with them only at the beginning by providing a set of initial conditions. After these conditions are set, the rules of the puzzle determine all subsequent changes and moves.
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Interactive subtraction game: Players take turns removing 1, 2 or 3 objects from an initial pool of 21 objects. The player taking the last object wins. In another game which is commonly known as nim (but is better called the subtraction game ), an upper bound is imposed on the number of objects that can be removed in a turn.