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The Alps provide lowland Europe with drinking water, irrigation, and hydroelectric power. [66] Although the area is only about 11% of the surface area of Europe, the Alps provide up to 90% of water to lowland Europe, particularly to arid areas and during the summer months. Cities such as Milan depend on 80% of water from Alpine runoff.
While smaller groups within the Alps may be easily defined by the passes on either side, defining larger units can be problematic. A traditional divide exists between the Western Alps and the Eastern Alps, which uses the Splügen Pass (Italian: Passo dello Spluga) on the Swiss-Italian border, together with the Rhine to the north and Lake Como in the south as the defining features.
This is the key col for Corno di Ban (3,028 m), which, thanks to the retreat of the glacier, now appears on the list with a prominence of 311 m. Given the inaccuracies, the list includes (unranked) summits with estimated prominences down to 7 meter below the cut-off (293 m), many of which may very well have a real prominence exceeding 300 m.
The official UIAA list of 82 mountain summits, titled in English as 'The 4000ers of the Alps' was first published in 1994. They were selected primarily on a prominence of at least 30 metres (98 ft)) above the highest adjacent col or pass.
For a list by height, see the list of mountains of the Alps. By descending to 1,500 m of prominence, this list includes all the Ultras of the Alps. Some famous peaks, such as the Matterhorn and Eiger , are not Ultras because they are connected to higher mountains by high cols and therefore do not achieve enough topographic prominence.
This page contains a table listing by elevation all 514 mountains of the Alps that are between 2500 and 3000m m high and which also have a topographic prominence of at least 300 metres (984 ft). The list is a continuation of the List of prominent mountains of the Alps above 3000 m , which contains an introduction with statistics and an ...
The Upper Engadin valley near St Moritz.. The Eastern Alps include the eastern parts of Switzerland (mainly Graubünden), all of Liechtenstein, and most of Austria from Vorarlberg to the east, as well as parts of extreme Southern Germany (Upper Bavaria), northwestern Italy (), northeastern Italy (Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia) and a good portion of northern ...
Articles relating to the Alps, the highest and most extensive mountain range system that lies entirely in Europe, [a] [1] stretching approximately 1,200 km (750 mi) across eight countries in Western, Central and Southern Europe called the Alpine countries of which measured by Population are Germany, France, Italy, Austria Switzerland, Slovenia ...