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2. Wide area network - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide_area_network

   The textbook definition of a WAN is a computer network spanning regions, countries, or even the world. [3] [4] However, in terms of the application of communication protocols and concepts, it may be best to view WANs as computer networking technologies used to transmit data over long distances, and between different networks.

3. Broadcast, unknown-unicast and multicast traffic - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadcast,_unknown-unicast...

   Forwarding this type of traffic can create unnecessary traffic that leads to poor network performance or even a complete loss of network service. [6] This flooding of packets is known as a unicast flooding. [7] [5] Multicast traffic allows a host to contact a subset of hosts or devices joined into a group.

4. Unicast - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicast

   In computer networking, unicast is a one-to-one transmission from one point in the network to another point; that is, one sender and one receiver, each identified by a network address. [ 1 ] Unicast is in contrast to multicast and broadcast which are one-to-many transmissions.

5. Multicast - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multicast

   Many networks, including the Internet, do not support multicast routing. Multicast routing functionality is available in enterprise-grade network equipment but typically needs to be configured by a network administrator. The Internet Group Management Protocol is used to control IP multicast delivery.

6. Link-local address - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Link-local_address

   Link-local addresses may be assigned manually by an administrator or by automatic operating system procedures. In Internet Protocol (IP) networks, they are assigned most often using stateless address autoconfiguration, a process that often uses a stochastic process to select the value of link-local addresses, assigning a pseudo-random address that is different for each session.

7. Protocol-Independent Multicast - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocol-Independent_Multicast

   Example of a multicast network architecture. Protocol-Independent Multicast (PIM) is a family of multicast routing protocols for Internet Protocol (IP) networks that provide one-to-many and many-to-many distribution of data over a LAN, WAN or the Internet.