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Radio Electronic Token Block is a system of railway signalling used in the United Kingdom. It is a development of the physical token system for controlling traffic on single lines . The system is slightly similar to North American direct traffic control , which unlike RETB does not have a cab display unit.
Advances in technology led to the development of electronic token systems. Trains are able to run over consecutive single-track sections, with the operation being controlled by radio from a central control room. Every train carries an electronic unit that receives and sends an encrypted block of data which represents the token.
As of spring 2016, the only areas of UK Network Rail still currently employing VHF train radio communications are on sections of the Highland and Far North lines in Scotland, where the Radio Electronic Token Block system is utilised, using modified Ofcom frequencies around 180 MHz, having been de-scoped from the National GSM-R plan, due to ...
More modern systems may use off-board location systems like Global Positioning System or track-side indicators, and send the data between the trains using various radio-based methods. [citation needed] The advantage to moving block systems is that there is no fixed number of trains on the line, because there are no fixed blocks.
The system depends on knowledge of the precise location and speed and direction of each train, which is determined by a combination of several sensors such as radio frequency identification along the track, ultra-wideband, radar, inertial measurement units, accelerometers and trainborne speedometers (GNSS systems cannot be relied upon because ...
RBC (Radio Block Controller) OBU (OnBoard Unit) ETCS; LZB; Besides its signalling solutions [buzzword], Thales additionally develops electronic interlocking systems, axle counters that can replace track circuits, various types of point machines, and railway worker protection systems.
CITYFLO 650 CBTC system CITYFLO 650 signalling is a CBTC system designed by Bombardier Transportation and later Alstom . It makes use of bi-directional radio communication between trains and wayside equipment, as well as true moving block technology, to control train operation.
These systems utilize radio communications between train and wayside equipment to perform the functions of the signaling system. More recently, CBTC systems have been deployed on mainline railroads, and Interoperable Communications Based Signaling (ICBS) systems are being developed to provide standard system functionality among railroads and ...