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Singhasari (Javanese: ꦏꦫꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦱꦶꦔ꧀ꦲꦱꦫꦶ, romanized: Karaton Singhasari or Karaton Singosari, Indonesian: Kerajaan Singasari), also known as Tumapel, was a Javanese Hindu-Buddhist kingdom located in east Java between 1222 and 1292.
[2]: 188 The Singasari dynasty had come to power in Java following the overthrow of the previous Kediri Kingdom by Ken Arok, the first Singhasari ruler in 1222. Kertanagara was a follower of a mystical Tantric syncretism of Hinduism and Buddhism, and presented himself as the divine god-king incarnation of Shiva and Buddha. [3]
Cangkuang temple. The Galuh Kingdom was a medieval Sundanese kingdom located in the eastern part of Tatar Sunda (now West Java province and Banyumasan region of Central Java province), present-day Indonesia. [1]
Sunardjo, E.H. Unang, Selayang pandang sejarah masa kejayaan kerajaan Cirebon. Cirebon: Yayasan Keraton Kasepuhan Cirebon 1996. Sutherland, Heather, 'Notes on Java's regent families', Indonesia 17 1973 and 19 1974. Truhart, Peter, Regents of Nations. Systematic Chronology of States and Their Political Representatives in Past and Present.
Gajah Mada (c. 1290 – c. 1364), also known as Jirnnodhara, [3] was a powerful military leader and mahapatih [Note 3] of the Javanese empire of Majapahit during the 14th century.
Ken Arok (or Ken Angrok), Rajasa (died c. 1227), was the founder and first ruler of Singhasari (also spelled Singosari), a medieval Indianized Hindu–Buddhist kingdom in the East Java area of Indonesia.
The Yuan dynasty under Kublai Khan attempted in 1293 to invade Java, an island in modern Indonesia, with 20,000 [14] to 30,000 soldiers. [7] This was intended as a punitive expedition against Kertanegara of Singhasari, who had refused to pay tribute to the Yuan and maimed one of their emissaries.
The temple was mentioned in the Javanese poem Nagarakretagama canto 37:7 and 38:3 and also in Gajah Mada inscription dated 1351 and discovered in the temple's yard. . According to these sources, the temple is the funerary temple of King Kertanagara (ruled 1268 — 1292), the last king of the Singhasari dynasty, whose assassination in 1292 by Jayakatwang of Gelang-gelang finally led to the ...