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Peak demand on an electrical grid is the highest electrical power demand that has occurred over a specified time period (Gönen 2008). Peak demand is typically characterized as annual, daily or seasonal and has the unit of power. [ 1 ]
Peaking power plants, also known as peaker plants, and occasionally just "peakers", are power plants that generally run only when there is a high demand, known as peak demand, for electricity. [1] Because they supply power only occasionally, the power supplied commands a much higher price per kilowatt hour than base load power.
The demand, or load on an electrical grid is the total electrical power being removed by the users of the grid. The graph of the demand over time is called the demand curve. Baseload is the minimum load on the grid over any given period, peak demand is the maximum load. Historically, baseload was commonly met by equipment that was relatively ...
Alternatively, the storage can be distributed and involve the customer, for example in storage heaters running demand-response tariffs such as the United Kingdom's Economy 7, or in a vehicle-to-grid system to use storage from electric vehicles during peak times and then replenish it during off peak times. These require incentives for consumers ...
When grid frequency is above normal, e.g. Indian grid frequency is exceeding the rated 50 Hz for most of the duration in a month/day, [3] the extra power available can be consumed by adding extra load, say agriculture water pumps, to the grid and this new energy draw is available at nominal price or no price. However, there may not be a ...
An example, using a large commercial electrical bill: peak demand = 436 kW; use = 57 200 kWh; number of days in billing cycle = 30 d; Hence: load factor = ( [ 57 200 kWh / {30 d × 24 h/d} ] / 436 kW) × 100% = 18.22%; It can be derived from the load profile of the specific device or system of devices. Its value is always less than one because ...
In the city of Toronto, certain residential users can participate in a program (Peaksaver AC [35]) whereby the system operator can automatically control hot water heaters or air conditioning during peak demand; the grid benefits by delaying peak demand (allowing peaking plants time to cycle up or avoiding peak events), and the participant ...
Actual demand can be collected at strategic locations to perform more detailed load analysis; this is beneficial to both distribution and end-user customers looking for peak consumption. Smart grid meters, utility meter load profilers, data logging sub-meters and portable data loggers are designed to accomplish this task by recording readings ...