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The first known recorded mention of Eboracum by name is dated c. 95–104 AD, and is an address containing the settlement's name, Eburaci, on a wooden stylus tablet from the Roman fortress of Vindolanda in what is now Northumberland. [1] During the Roman period, the name was written both Eboracum and Eburacum (in nominative form). [1]
A map of York, 1611. In 1644, during the Civil War, the Parliamentarians besieged York, and many medieval houses outside the city walls were lost. The barbican at Walmgate Bar was undermined and explosives laid, but the plot was discovered. On the arrival of Prince Rupert, with an army of 15,000 men, the siege was lifted.
After the war, York slowly regained its former pre-eminence in the North, and, by 1660, was the third-largest city in England after London and Norwich. In 1686 the Bar Convent was founded, in secret due to anti-catholic Laws, making it the oldest surviving convent in England. York elected two members to the Unreformed House of Commons.
The Cartography of York is the history of surveying and creation of maps of the city of York. The following is a list of historic maps of York: c.1610: John Speed's map [1] 1624: Samuel Parsons' map of Dringhouses [2] c1682: Captain James Archer's Plan of the Greate, Antient & Famous Citty of York [3]
A map of the routes taken by the Great Heathen Army from 865 to 878. York was first recorded by Ptolemy around the year 150 as Eborakon. Under the Romans it became the provincial capital and bishopric of Eburacum. The Roman settlement was regularly planned, well defended and contained a stone legionary fortress. The Romans withdrew around 407 ...
Londinium (present day London) was the capital of Superior, and Eboracum (present day York) was created as the capital of Britannia Inferior. Due to the unsettled Maetae population to the north of Britannia Inferior, Severus decided to rule the entire Roman Empire from Eboracum while trying to regain control of island. [21]
During the Roman era, Eboracum's south-western gate, the porta praetoria, lay where the square is now. [1] Until the mid-18th century much of the space was occupied by the graveyard of St Helen's, Stonegate. The streets of Stonegate and Davygate ran either side of the graveyard, meeting Coney Street at a junction known as Cuckold's Corner.
The area of North Street lay within the civilian settlement of Roman Eboracum. A 2nd-century retaining river wall has been excavated, [1] while evidence of craft working from the 9th- to the 11th-centuries has also been excavated. [2] The road was first recorded in about 1090, as Nordstreta, and by the 13th-century, this had become North Street.