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  2. Christianity in the Ottoman Empire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianity_in_the...

    Orthodox Christians were the largest non-Muslim group. With the rise of Imperial Russia, the Russians became a kind of protector of the Orthodox Christians in the Ottoman Empire. [3] Conversion to Islam in the Ottoman Empire involved a combination of individual, family, communal and institutional initiatives and motives.

  3. Protestantism and Islam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestantism_and_Islam

    Various overtures were made by Ottoman rulers to the Protestants, who were also fighting against a common enemy, the Catholic House of Habsburg. Suleiman the Magnificent is known to have sent at least one letter to the "Lutherans" in Flanders , offering troops at the time they would request, [ 25 ] Murad III is also known to have advocated to ...

  4. Sunnitization in the Ottoman Empire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunnitization_in_the...

    A more recent thesis suggests that the rise of the Safavid Empire resulted in a Sunni-Shi'a divide, which threatened the Ottoman aspirations to lead the Muslim community. [2] According to this view, this led to the rise of Sunni orthodoxy in the Ottoman Empire as a response to the rise of Qizilbash and Shi'ism amongst Safavids.

  5. Islam in the Ottoman Empire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_in_the_Ottoman_Empire

    Since the founding of the Ottoman Empire, Ottoman law and religious life were defined by the Hanafi madhab (school of Islamic jurisprudence). With respect to creed, the Maturidi school was majorly adhered to, dominating madrassahs (Islamic Both the Maturidi and Ash'ari schools of Islamic theology used Ilm al-Kalam to understand the Quran and the hadith (sayings and actions of Mohammed and the ...

  6. Foreign relations of the Ottoman Empire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the...

    However, the Ottomans failed in their attempted invasions of Serbia and Hungary; they besieged Constantinople. Christians from Central Europe launch the last Crusade in 1443–1444, pushing the Ottomans out of Serbia and Wallachia. This Crusade ended in defeat when the Ottomans were victorious at Varna in November 1444. [18]

  7. Islam in the United Kingdom - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_in_the_United_Kingdom

    In 2015, The Economist stated that were 2.3 million Sunnis in the UK. [149] Among British Sunnis in 2017, 66.7% were just non-denominational Sunni, 5.9% were Barelvi, 5.0% were Salafis, 4.1% were Deobandi, and 18.3% adhered to another Sunni Islam denomination. [150] The majority of British mosques are Sunni, including Deobandi, Barelvis and Salafi.

  8. Moors - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moors

    Christian and Moor playing chess, from The Book of Games of Alfonso X, c. 1285. The term Moor is an exonym first used by Christian Europeans to designate the Muslim populations of the Maghreb, al-Andalus (Iberian Peninsula), Sicily and Malta during the Middle Ages. [1] Moors are not a single, distinct or self-defined people. [2]

  9. History of Christianity in Britain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Christianity_in...

    While identifying significant decline in statistical data of church attendance from the 1950s onwards, Paul Backholer, author of Britain, A Christian Country, found notable exceptions to the decline, which includes the up to two million people who attended Billy Graham's United Kingdom campaigns from 1954 to 1955. With Wembley Stadium filled to ...